Abstract
Several activities in the agriculture sector lead to the accumulation of Nickel (Ni) in soil. Therefore, effective and economical ways to reduce soil bioavailability of Ni must be identified. Five isolates of Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar Viceae (ICARDA 441, ICARDA 36, ICARDA 39, TAL−1148, and ARC−207) and three bacterial strains (Bacillus subtilis, B. circulance, and B. coagulans) were evaluated for tolerance and biosorption of different levels of Ni (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg L−1). Pot experiments were conducted during the 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 seasons using four inoculation treatments (inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148), inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. subtilis, inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. circulance, and inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. coagulans) under different levels of Ni (0, 200, 400, and 600 mg kg−1), and their effects on growth, physiological characteristics, antioxidant enzymes, and Ni accumulation in faba bean plants (Vicia faba C.V. Nobaria 1) were determined. The results showed that Rhizobium (TAL−1148) and B. subtilis were the most tolerant of Ni. In pot trials, inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium TAL−1148 + B. subtilis treatment was shown to be more effective in terms of growth parameters (dry weight of plant, plant height, number of nodules, and N2 content), and this was reflected in physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzymes under 600 mg kg−1 Ni compared to the other treatments in the 2019/2020 season. In the second season, 2020/2021, a similar pattern was observed. Additionally, lower concentrations of Ni were found in faba bean plants (roots and shoots). Therefore, a combination of the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. subtilis treatment might be used to reduce Ni toxicity.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobium TAL−1148 and B. subtilis were the most nickel tolerant strains.
- Taxon
- Faba Bean Plants
Vicia fabat0 - Second interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0symbiont - Outcome
- most tolerant of Nie0
RhizobiumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizobium (TAL−1148) and B. subtilis were the most tolerant of Ni”
t0“Faba Bean Plants (Vicia faba)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with TAL−1148 and B. subtilis was more effective for plant growth parameters under 600 mg kg−1 Ni than other treatments in the first season; the pattern recurred in the second.
- Taxon
- Faba Bean PlantsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium TAL−1148 + B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium TAL−1148e0symbiont
- Second interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- growth parameters (dry weight of plant, plant height, number of nodules, and N2 content)e0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Qualifier
- under 600 mg kg−1 Nie0
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium TAL−1148 + B. subtilis treatment was shown to be more effective in terms of growth parameters (dry weight of plant, plant height, number of nodules, and N2 content), and this was reflected in physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzymes under 600 mg kg−1 Ni compared to the other treatments in the 2019/2020 season”
e1“In the second season, 2020/2021, a similar pattern was observed”
t0“Faba Bean Plants (Vicia faba)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation improved physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzymes under nickel stress.
- Taxon
- Faba Bean PlantsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium TAL−1148 + B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- Rhizobium TAL−1148e0symbiont
- Second interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- the other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inoculation with the most tolerant Rhizobium TAL−1148 + B. subtilis treatment was shown to be more effective in terms of growth parameters (dry weight of plant, plant height, number of nodules, and N2 content), and this was reflected in physiological characteristics and antioxidant enzymes under 600 mg kg−1 Ni compared to the other treatments in the 2019/2020 season”
t0“Faba Bean Plants (Vicia faba)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel concentrations were lower in faba bean roots and shoots.
- Taxon
- faba bean plantsVicia fabae0
- Organ / stage
- roots and shootse0
- Outcome
- concentrations of Nie0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower concentrations of Ni were found in faba bean plants (roots and shoots)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest TAL−1148 plus B. subtilis to reduce nickel toxicity.
- Taxon
- Faba Bean PlantsVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- a combination of the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. subtilis treatmente0
- Second interactor
- B. subtilisBacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- reduce Ni toxicitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a combination of the most tolerant Rhizobium (TAL−1148) + B. subtilis treatment might be used to reduce Ni toxicity”
t0“Faba Bean Plants (Vicia faba)”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizobium · symbiosis · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
18 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →inoculation · symbiosis · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results differ
40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →inoculation · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Vicia faba (faba bean)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.