Abstract
Nanoscale sulfur can be a multifunctional agricultural amendment to enhance crop nutrition and suppress disease. Pristine (nS) and stearic acid coated (cS) sulfur nanoparticles were added to soil planted with tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) at 200 mg/L soil and infested with Fusarium oxysporum. Bulk sulfur, ionic sulfate, and healthy controls were included. Orthogonal end points were measured in two greenhouse experiments, including agronomic and photosynthetic parameters, disease severity/suppression, mechanistic biochemical and molecular end points including the time-dependent expression of 13 genes related to two S bioassimilation and pathogenesis-response, and metabolomic profiles. Disease reduced the plant biomass by up to 87%, but nS and cS amendment significantly reduced disease as determined by area-under-the-disease-progress curve by 54 and 56%, respectively. An increase in planta S accumulation was evident, with size-specific translocation ratios suggesting different uptake mechanisms. In vivo two-photon microscopy and time-dependent gene expression revealed a nanoscale-specific elemental S bioassimilation pathway within the plant that is separate from traditional sulfate accumulation. These findings correlate well with time-dependent metabolomic profiling, which exhibited increased disease resistance and plant immunity related metabolites only with nanoscale treatment. The linked gene expression and metabolomics data demonstrate a time-sensitive physiological window where nanoscale stimulation of plant immunity will be effective. These findings provide mechanistic understandings of nonmetal nanomaterial-based suppression of plant disease and significantly advance sustainable nanoenabled agricultural strategies to increase food production.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium disease reduced tomato biomass by up to 87%.
- Taxon
- tomatoes
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume1pathogen - Outcome
- plant biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 87%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Disease reduced the plant biomass by up to 87%”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Pristine sulfur nanoparticles reduced disease progress by 54%.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nSe0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- area-under-the-disease-progress curvee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 54e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nS and cS amendment significantly reduced disease as determined by area-under-the-disease-progress curve by 54 and 56%, respectively.”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Coated sulfur nanoparticles reduced disease progress by 56%.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- cSe0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- area-under-the-disease-progress curvee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 56%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nS and cS amendment significantly reduced disease as determined by area-under-the-disease-progress curve by 54 and 56%, respectively.”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur accumulation increased in the tomato plant.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- in planta S accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“An increase in planta S accumulation was evident, with size-specific translocation ratios suggesting different uptake mechanisms.”
t0“Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Size-specific translocation ratios suggested different uptake mechanisms.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- different uptake mechanismse0
- Qualifier
- size-specific translocation ratiose0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“size-specific translocation ratios suggesting different uptake mechanisms.”
t0“Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Microscopy and expression data indicated a distinct elemental sulfur assimilation pathway.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- nanoscale-specific elemental S bioassimilation pathwaye0
- Qualifier
- separate from traditional sulfate accumulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In vivo two-photon microscopy and time-dependent gene expression revealed a nanoscale-specific elemental S bioassimilation pathway within the plant that is separate from traditional sulfate accumulation.”
t0“Tomatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Resistance- and immunity-related metabolites increased only under nanoscale treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- nanoscale treatmente0
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporume1pathogen
- Outcome
- disease resistance and plant immunity related metabolitese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased disease resistance and plant immunity related metabolites only with nanoscale treatment.”
t0“Tomatoes”
e1“Fusarium oxysporum”
Claim · model-written summary
Linked gene expression and metabolomics showed a time-sensitive window of immune stimulation.
- Taxon
- tomatoesSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- time-sensitive physiological windowe0
- Qualifier
- nanoscale stimulation of plant immunitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The linked gene expression and metabolomics data demonstrate a time-sensitive physiological window where nanoscale stimulation of plant immunity will be effective.”
t0“Tomatoes”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · Fusarium oxysporum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.