Abstract
Low light intensities affect the outbreak of plant diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) revealed that apoplastic glucose (Glc) levels decreased in response to low light. Conversely, low-light-induced susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 was significantly alleviated by exogenous Glc treatment. Using cell-based biolayer interferometry assays, we found that Glc specifically binds to the tomato regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1). Laser scanning confocal microscopy imaging revealed that Glc triggers RGS1 endocytosis, which influences the uncoupling of the RGS1-Gα (GPA1) and GPA1-Gβ (SlGB1) proteins, in a dose- and duration-dependent manner. Analysis of G protein single and double mutants revealed that RGS1 negatively regulates disease resistance under low light and is required for Glc-enhanced defense. Downstream of RGS1-Glc binding, GPA1 negatively mediates the light-intensity-regulated defense, whereas SlGB1 positively regulates this process. These results reveal a novel light-intensity-responsive defense system that is mediated by a Glc-RGS1-G protein signaling pathway. This information will be critical for future investigations of how plant cells sense extracellular sugars and adjust defense under different environments, as well as for genetic engineering approaches to improve stress resilience.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Low light decreased apoplastic glucose levels in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- low lighte0
- Outcome
- apoplastic glucose (Glc) levelse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) revealed that apoplastic glucose (Glc) levels decreased in response to low light.”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous glucose significantly alleviated low-light susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- exogenous Glc treatmente0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000
Pseudomonas syringaee0pathogen - Outcome
- susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000e0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low-light-induced susceptibility to Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pst) DC3000 was significantly alleviated by exogenous Glc treatment.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose specifically binds tomato RGS1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Gene
- tomato regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1)e0
- Compound
- Glce0
- Outcome
- specifically bindse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glc specifically binds to the tomato regulator of G protein signaling 1 (RGS1).”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose triggers RGS1 endocytosis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RGS1e0
- Compound
- Glce0
- Outcome
- RGS1 endocytosise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glc triggers RGS1 endocytosis”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RGS1 endocytosis influences uncoupling of RGS1-Gα and GPA1-Gβ in dose- and duration-dependent fashion.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RGS1e0
- Outcome
- uncoupling of the RGS1-Gα (GPA1) and GPA1-Gβ (SlGB1) proteinse0
- Qualifier
- dose- and duration-dependent mannere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RGS1 endocytosis, which influences the uncoupling of the RGS1-Gα (GPA1) and GPA1-Gβ (SlGB1) proteins, in a dose- and duration-dependent manner.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RGS1 negatively regulates disease resistance under low light.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RGS1e0
- Outcome
- disease resistancee0
- Qualifier
- under low lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RGS1 negatively regulates disease resistance under low light”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
RGS1 is required for glucose-enhanced defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- RGS1e0
- Compound
- Glce0
- Outcome
- Glc-enhanced defensee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RGS1 negatively regulates disease resistance under low light and is required for Glc-enhanced defense.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
GPA1 negatively mediates light-intensity-regulated defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- GPA1e0
- Outcome
- light-intensity-regulated defensee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GPA1 negatively mediates the light-intensity-regulated defense”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
SlGB1 positively regulates light-intensity-regulated defense.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- SlGB1e0
- Outcome
- this processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SlGB1 positively regulates this process.”
t0“tomato”
The same questions in other papers
light · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
67 papers more in this group
See all 71 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.