Abstract
Food security in semi-arid regions is threatened by declining soil fertility, soil moisture stress and long frequent droughts as a result of erratic rainfall. Therefore we assessed the effects of augmenting Leucaena leucocephala biomass (organic manure) with mineral fertiliser on rainwater use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, grain and stover yields for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques. The experiment was laid in split-split plot arrangement with rainwater harvesting method as main plot factor, with Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser as subplot factor and sorghum variety as sub-sub plot factor over three cropping seasons. Data collected include rainwater use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, grain and stover yields. Results show that tied contours have significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher grain and stover yields from all varieties and seasons. Irregardless of sorghum variety, tied contours had significant (p ≤ 0.05) sorghum grain and stover yield followed by infiltration pits and lastly standard contours. Grain and stover yields improved with increasing levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser combination. Highest grain yields observed were 1.146 t ha−1 (Macia) and 1.1 t ha−1 (SV1) from tied contour +15 t ha−1 biomass +150 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser treatments. Rainwater use efficiency was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher from tied contours compared to infiltration pits and standard contour. Rainwater use efficiency was statistically (p ≤ 0.05) influenced by increasing application levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser in all seasons. Agronomic efficiencies were considerably (p ≤ 0.05) affected by rainwater harvesting, Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser and interaction of all factors. It can therefore be concluded that Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser, tied contours and infiltration pits improve sorghum yields. Augmenting 2.5 t ha−1 biomass with 25 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser under tied contours and Macia have better agronomic efficiency.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Tied contours gave significantly higher sorghum grain and stover yields across all varieties and seasons (p ≤ 0.05).
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Results show that tied contours have significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher grain and stover yields from all varieties and seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum grain and stover yield was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) highest under tied contours, followed by infiltration pits and lastly standard contours, irrespective of variety.
- Treatment
- tied contourse1
- Outcome
- sorghum grain and stover yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Comparator
- infiltration pits and lastly standard contourse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Irregardless of sorghum variety, tied contours had significant (p ≤ 0.05) sorghum grain and stover yield followed by infiltration pits and lastly standard contours”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum grain and stover yields improved with increasing levels of Leucaena biomass plus NPK fertiliser.
- Treatment
- increasing levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser combinatione1
- Outcome
- Grain and stover yieldse1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Grain and stover yields improved with increasing levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser combination”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain yield of Macia was 1.146 t ha−1, from tied contour with 15 t ha−1 biomass and 150 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser.
- Material
- Maciae1
- Treatment
- tied contour +15 t ha−1 biomass +150 kg ha−1 NPK fertilisere1
- Outcome
- grain yieldse1
- Direction
- Higheste1
- Value
- 1.146 t ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Highest grain yields observed were 1.146 t ha−1 (Macia) and 1.1 t ha−1 (SV1) from tied contour +15 t ha−1 biomass +150 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest grain yield of SV1 was 1.1 t ha−1, from tied contour with 15 t ha−1 biomass and 150 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser.
- Material
- SV1e1
- Treatment
- tied contour +15 t ha−1 biomass +150 kg ha−1 NPK fertilisere1
- Outcome
- grain yieldse1
- Direction
- Higheste1
- Value
- 1.1 t ha−1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Highest grain yields observed were 1.146 t ha−1 (Macia) and 1.1 t ha−1 (SV1) from tied contour +15 t ha−1 biomass +150 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainwater use efficiency was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher under tied contours than under infiltration pits and standard contour.
- Treatment
- tied contourse1
- Outcome
- Rainwater use efficiencye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- infiltration pits and standard contoure1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Rainwater use efficiency was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) higher from tied contours compared to infiltration pits and standard contour”
Claim · model-written summary
Rainwater use efficiency was statistically (p ≤ 0.05) influenced by increasing application levels of Leucaena biomass plus NPK fertiliser in all seasons.
- Treatment
- increasing application levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertilisere1
- Outcome
- Rainwater use efficiencye1
- Qualifier
- in all seasonse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Rainwater use efficiency was statistically (p ≤ 0.05) influenced by increasing application levels of Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser in all seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Agronomic efficiencies were considerably affected (p ≤ 0.05) by rainwater harvesting, Leucaena biomass plus NPK fertiliser and the interaction of all factors.
- Treatment
- rainwater harvesting, Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser and interaction of all factorse1
- Outcome
- Agronomic efficienciese1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Agronomic efficiencies were considerably (p ≤ 0.05) affected by rainwater harvesting, Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser and interaction of all factors”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that Leucaena biomass plus NPK fertiliser, tied contours and infiltration pits improve sorghum yields.
- Outcome
- improve sorghum yieldse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Leucaena biomass + NPK fertiliser, tied contours and infiltration pits improve sorghum yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Augmenting 2.5 t ha−1 Leucaena biomass with 25 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser under tied contours, and variety Macia, gave better agronomic efficiency.
- Material
- Maciae1
- Treatment
- 2.5 t ha−1 biomass with 25 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser under tied contourse1
- Outcome
- agronomic efficiencye1
- Direction
- bettere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for two sorghum varieties (Macia and SV1) under rainwater harvesting techniques”
e1“Augmenting 2.5 t ha−1 biomass with 25 kg ha−1 NPK fertiliser under tied contours and Macia have better agronomic efficiency”
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