Abstract
Studies on the effects of biochar and phosphorus fertilizer on soil productivity and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) are scarce. Therefore, experiments were conducted in 2019 and 2020 to evaluate the effects of sole and combined application of biochar and phosphorus fertilizer on soil properties, nodulation, growth, and yield of cowpea. The treatments consisted of: biochar at 10 t ha−1 (B10), biochar at 20 t ha−1 (B20), triple super phosphate fertilizer at 60 kg P ha−1 (P), biochar at 10 t ha−1 + P (B10 + P), biochar at 20 t ha−1 + P (B20 + P), and the control. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results revealed that biochar and P fertilizer applied alone or in combination improved soil properties, growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpea compared with the control. Results also showed that combined applications of biochar with P fertilizer improved these properties most, especially at a higher rate of biochar (B20 + P). B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P. This was adduced to raise soil pH and reduced soil bulk density as a result of biochar application which induces P solubility and availability, increased N fixation, and enhanced root growth, increased nodulation leading to improved growth and yield of cowpea. Application of biochar with P fertilizer could therefore be used as a strategy for improving P availability in low pH soils of cowpea growing areas of the tropics.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and phosphorus fertilizer, alone or together, improved cowpea growth, nodulation, yield and soil properties relative to control.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- biochar and P fertilizere0
- Outcome
- growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpeae0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar and P fertilizer applied alone or in combination improved soil properties, growth, nodulation, and yield of cowpea compared with the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined biochar and phosphorus fertilizer improved these properties most, especially B20 + P.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- these propertiese0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined applications of biochar with P fertilizer improved these properties most, especially at a higher rate of biochar (B20 + P)”
t0“cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
B20 + P increased cowpea grain yield by 155% compared with control.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 155%e0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P”
Claim · model-written summary
B20 + P increased cowpea grain yield by 69% compared with B10.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 69%e0
- Comparator
- B10e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P”
Claim · model-written summary
B20 + P increased cowpea grain yield by 53% compared with B20.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 53%e0
- Comparator
- B20e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P”
Claim · model-written summary
B20 + P increased cowpea grain yield by 69% compared with P fertilizer.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 69%e0
- Comparator
- P fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P”
Claim · model-written summary
B20 + P increased cowpea grain yield by 21% compared with B10 + P.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0
- Treatment
- B20 + Pe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Comparator
- B10 + Pe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B20 + P increased grain yield of cowpea by 155%, 69%, 53%, 69%, and 21% respectively compared with the control, B10, B20, P fertilizer, and B10 + P”
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fertilization · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results
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See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.