Abstract
Abstract Early blight in potato, caused by Alternaria solani , is mainly controlled by frequent applications of synthetic fungicides. Reducing the use of synthetic fungicides in agriculture is desired to reach an overall sustainable development since the active components can be harmful for humans and for the ecosystem. In integrated pest management, IPM, the idea is to combine various measures, including optimized crop management, crop rotation, use of resistant cultivars, biological control agents (BCAs), plant resistance inducers, and fertilizers, to decrease the dependence on traditional chemical fungicides. In this paper, we present the results from greenhouse and field trials where we evaluated the effect of strategies aimed at reducing our reliance on synthetic fungicides including treatments with biological control agents (BCAs) ( Pythium oligandrum , Polygandron ® , and Bacillus subtilis , Serenade ® ) and plant resistance inducers (silicon products HortiStar ® and Actisil ® ) for early blight in potato. The agents were applied separately or in combination with each other or with synthetic fungicides. In the greenhouse, trials application of these agents resulted in 50–95% reduction of infection by A. solani , but their combination did not generally improve the outcome. However, the effects were much smaller in the hand-sprayed field trials, 20–25% disease reduction and almost disappeared in full-scale field trials where application was done with tractor sprayers. In this article, we discuss possible reasons behind the drop in efficacy from greenhouse trials to full-size field evaluation.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Tested agents reduced potato infection by A. solani by 50–95% in greenhouse trials.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- application of these agentse0
- Interactor
- A. solani
Alternaria solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- infection by A. solanie0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 50–95%e0
- Setting
- greenhousee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In the greenhouse, trials application of these agents resulted in 50–95% reduction of infection by A. solani”
t0“potato”
Claim · model-written summary
Combining the agents did not generally improve potato early blight control.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- their combinatione0
- Outcome
- early blightt0
- Direction
- did not generally improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but their combination did not generally improve the outcome.”
t0“potato early blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand-sprayed field trials showed only 20–25% disease reduction, much smaller than greenhouse effects.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- hand-sprayede0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 20–25%e0
- Setting
- field trialse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the effects were much smaller in the hand-sprayed field trials, 20–25% disease reduction”
t0“potato early blight”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment effects almost disappeared in full-scale potato field trials using tractor sprayers.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- application was done with tractor sprayerse0
- Outcome
- disease reductione0
- Direction
- almost disappearede0
- Setting
- full-scale field trialse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the effects were much smaller in the hand-sprayed field trials, 20–25% disease reduction and almost disappeared in full-scale field trials where application was done with tractor sprayers.”
t0“potato early blight”
The same questions in other papers
application · control · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.