Abstract
The AP2/ERF transcription factors are widely involved in the regulation of plant growth, development and stress responses. Arabidopsis ERF012 is differentially responsive to various stresses; however, its potential regulatory role remains elusive. Here, we show that ERF012 is predominantly expressed in the vascular bundles, lateral root primordium and vein branch points. ERF012 overexpression inhibits root growth, whereas it promotes root hair development and leaf senescence. In particular, ERF012 may downregulate its target genes AtC4H and At4CL1, key players in phenylpropanoid metabolism and cell wall formation, to hinder auxin accumulation and thereby impacting root growth and leaf senescence. Consistent with this, exogenous IAA application effectively relieves the effect of ERF012 overexpression on root growth and leaf senescence. Meanwhile, ERF012 presumably activates ethylene biosynthesis to promote root hair development, considering that the ERF012-mediated root hair development can be suppressed by the ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor. In addition, ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively, while conferring plant resistance to drought, salinity and heavy metal stresses. Taken together, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the functional versatility of ERF012 in plant growth, development and abiotic stress responses.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 is predominantly expressed in vascular bundles, lateral root primordia, and vein branch points.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Organ / stage
- vascular bundles, lateral root primordium and vein branch pointse0
- Gene
- ERF012e0
- Outcome
- predominantly expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 is predominantly expressed in the vascular bundles, lateral root primordium and vein branch points”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression inhibits root growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione0
- Gene
- ERF012e0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- inhibitse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 overexpression inhibits root growth”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression promotes root hair development.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione0
- Gene
- ERF012e0
- Outcome
- root hair developmente0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 overexpression inhibits root growth, whereas it promotes root hair development and leaf senescence”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression promotes leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione0
- Gene
- ERF012e0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- promotese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 overexpression inhibits root growth, whereas it promotes root hair development and leaf senescence”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 may downregulate AtC4H.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtC4He0
- Outcome
- downregulatee0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 may downregulate its target genes AtC4H and At4CL1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 may downregulate At4CL1.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- At4CL1e0
- Outcome
- downregulatee0
- Qualifier
- maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 may downregulate its target genes AtC4H and At4CL1”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The proposed ERF012 pathway hinders auxin accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Compound
- auxine0
- Outcome
- auxin accumulatione0
- Direction
- hindere0
- Qualifier
- thereby impacting root growth and leaf senescencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to hinder auxin accumulation and thereby impacting root growth and leaf senescence”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA relieves the overexpression effect on root growth.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA applicatione0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- relievese0
- Comparator
- ERF012 overexpressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous IAA application effectively relieves the effect of ERF012 overexpression on root growth and leaf senescence”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA relieves the overexpression effect on leaf senescence.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- relievese0
- Comparator
- ERF012 overexpressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“exogenous IAA application effectively relieves the effect of ERF012 overexpression on root growth and leaf senescence”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 presumably activates ethylene biosynthesis to promote root hair development.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- ERF012e0
- Compound
- ethylenee0
- Outcome
- root hair developmente0
- Qualifier
- presumablye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 presumably activates ethylene biosynthesis to promote root hair development”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
An ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor suppresses ERF012-mediated root hair development.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ethylene biosynthetic inhibitore0
- Outcome
- root hair developmente0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ERF012-mediated root hair development can be suppressed by the ethylene biosynthetic inhibitor”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression positively affects low-temperature responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione0
- Outcome
- low- and high-temperature responsese0
- Direction
- positivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression negatively affects high-temperature responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione0
- Outcome
- high-temperature responsese0
- Direction
- negativee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression confers drought resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione1
- Outcome
- resistance to droughte0
- Direction
- conferringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while conferring plant resistance to drought, salinity and heavy metal stresses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
e1“ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression confers salinity resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione1
- Outcome
- salinitye0
- Direction
- conferringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while conferring plant resistance to drought, salinity and heavy metal stresses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
e1“ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
ERF012 overexpression confers heavy metal stress resistance.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- ERF012 overexpressione1
- Outcome
- heavy metal stressese0
- Direction
- conferringe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while conferring plant resistance to drought, salinity and heavy metal stresses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
t1“Arabidopsis”
e1“ERF012 overexpression displays positive and negative effects on low- and high-temperature responses, respectively”
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