Abstract
Cereals and their products play crucial role as supplier of energy globally and among cereals wheat is the most important cereals in this regard and is known to be the Pakistan's 4 th major crop. Wheat at all stages of growth and storage subject to numerous problem of deterioration due to the mycotoxin colonization which not only contaminate wheat but also hazardous to human and animal when consumed as food or feed therefore in present study efforts were made to reduce the aflatoxin contamination load from wheat, for this purpose UV radiation of time dependent dose (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 minutes) was used to decontaminate aflatoxin and results observe that 80-90% and 65-73% decrease in the aflatoxin in both wheat samples exposed that is wheat exposed as open grain and the grain packed in sacks. After UV treatment the residues examination showed that residues was become within the MRLs set by FDA except wheat samples packed in the sack, Bolhari and Sehwan that were at the borderline of risk with 20 ng/g concentration and Aarazi showed residue (21 ng/g) which was found above the limit after the 5 minutes exposure time. UV was found to be most effective method in reduction level of aflatoxin from wheat and protect grain from deterioration during storage, provide safe food or feed consumption and minimize the annual wheat loss.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
UV radiation reduced aflatoxin by 80-90% in open-grain wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Organ / stage
- open graine1
- Treatment
- UV radiatione2
- Outcome
- aflatoxine1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 80-90%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“results observe that 80-90% and 65-73% decrease in the aflatoxin in both wheat samples exposed that is wheat exposed as open grain and the grain packed in sacks”
e2“UV radiation of time dependent dose (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 minutes) was used to decontaminate aflatoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
UV radiation reduced aflatoxin by 65-73% in wheat grain packed in sacks.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Organ / stage
- grain packed in sackse1
- Treatment
- UV radiatione2
- Outcome
- aflatoxine1
- Direction
- decreasee1
- Value
- 65-73%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“results observe that 80-90% and 65-73% decrease in the aflatoxin in both wheat samples exposed that is wheat exposed as open grain and the grain packed in sacks”
e2“UV radiation of time dependent dose (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 minutes) was used to decontaminate aflatoxin”
Claim · model-written summary
After UV treatment, aflatoxin residues in wheat were within the FDA maximum residue limits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Treatment
- UV treatmente3
- Outcome
- residuese3
- Qualifier
- within the MRLs set by FDAe3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“After UV treatment the residues examination showed that residues was become within the MRLs set by FDA except wheat samples packed in the sack”
Claim · model-written summary
After UV treatment, the wheat samples Bolhari and Sehwan packed in sacks were at the borderline of risk, with residues of 20 ng/g.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Material
- Bolhari and Sehwane3
- Treatment
- UV treatmente3
- Outcome
- residuese3
- Value
- 20 ng/ge3
- Qualifier
- borderline of riske3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“After UV treatment the residues examination showed that residues was become within the MRLs set by FDA except wheat samples packed in the sack, Bolhari and Sehwan that were at the borderline of risk with 20 ng/g concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
After 5 minutes of UV exposure, the Aarazi wheat sample had residue of 21 ng/g, above the limit.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume3
- Material
- Aarazie3
- Treatment
- UVe3
- Outcome
- residuee3
- Value
- 21 ng/ge3
- Qualifier
- after the 5 minutes exposure timee3
- Comparator
- the limite3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“After UV treatment the residues examination showed that residues was become within the MRLs set by FDA except wheat samples packed in the sack, Bolhari and Sehwan that were at the borderline of risk with 20 ng/g concentration and Aarazi showed residue (21 ng/g) which was found above the limit after the 5 minutes exposure time”
Claim · model-written summary
UV radiation was found to be the most effective method for reducing aflatoxin in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Treatment
- UVe4
- Outcome
- reduction level of aflatoxine4
- Value
- most effectivee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“UV was found to be most effective method in reduction level of aflatoxin from wheat and protect grain from deterioration during storage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend UV treatment to minimise annual wheat loss.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume4
- Outcome
- minimize the annual wheat losse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“UV was found to be most effective method in reduction level of aflatoxin from wheat and protect grain from deterioration during storage, provide safe food or feed consumption and minimize the annual wheat loss”
The same questions in other papers
uv · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.