Abstract
The dose‐ and time‐response effects of single 4 h day‐time exposures of 0.064, 0.166, 0.336, 0.452 or 0.693 μl l −1 (ppm) O 3 followed by single 4 h night‐time exposures of 0.078, 0.198, 0.378, 0.502 or 0.747 μl l −1 O 3 on photosynthesis, transpiration and dark respiration were examined for nine Carpatho‐Ukrainian (‘Rachovo’) half‐sib families and for two populations. ‘Westerhof’ from the FRG and ‘Schmiedefeld’ from the GDR, of Norway spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst.], all in their 4th growing season. Needles were scorched by 4 h exposures to 0.336 μl l −1 O 3 and higher. The lag before photosynthesis and transpiration responded significantly to O 3 decline took from a few minutes at the highest concentration to several hours at the lower concentrations. Recovery of photosynthesis and transpiration was absent or extremely slow. Photosynthesis of the different spruce types was affected significantly differently, the most sensitive spruce having its photosynthesis suppressed 1.9 times and its transpiration 1.6 times more than the most tolerant spruce. The physiological responses of ‘Westerhof’ were less sensitive than the average ‘Rachovo’ half‐sibs. Neither night transpiration nor dark respiration were affected by high doses of night O 3 , preceded by day O 3 exposures. The gradients of different photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities of the young half‐sibs (and ‘Westerhof’) demonstrated a significant, positive, mutual correlation, and significant positive correlations with the gradient of novel decline symptoms of their parents growing in Danish forests. The relative photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities may thus serve as diagnostic parameters in laboratory tests for selection against novel spruce decline.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Four-hour ozone exposure at 0.336 μl l −1 or higher scorched spruce needles.
- Organ / stage
- Needlese0
- Treatment
- 4 h exposures to 0.336 μl l −1 O 3 and highere0
- Outcome
- Needles were scorchede0
PiceaNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Needles were scorched by 4 h exposures to 0.336 μl l −1 O 3 and higher.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthesis response lag ranged from minutes at the highest ozone concentration to hours at lower concentrations.
- Treatment
- O 3e0
- Outcome
- lag before photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- a few minutes at the highest concentration to several hourse0
- Comparator
- lower concentrationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lag before photosynthesis and transpiration responded significantly to O 3 decline took from a few minutes at the highest concentration to several hours at the lower concentrations.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Transpiration response lag ranged from minutes at the highest ozone concentration to hours at lower concentrations.
- Treatment
- O 3e0
- Outcome
- transpiratione0
- Qualifier
- a few minutes at the highest concentration to several hourse0
- Comparator
- lower concentrationse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lag before photosynthesis and transpiration responded significantly to O 3 decline took from a few minutes at the highest concentration to several hours at the lower concentrations.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Recovery of photosynthesis and transpiration was absent or extremely slow.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recovery of photosynthesis and transpiration was absent or extremely slow.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Spruce types differed significantly in photosynthetic sensitivity; the most sensitive had 1.9 times greater suppression.
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Photosynthesis of the different spruce types was affected significantly differently, the most sensitive spruce having its photosynthesis suppressed 1.9 times”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
The most sensitive spruce had 1.6 times more transpiration suppression than the most tolerant.
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the most sensitive spruce having its photosynthesis suppressed 1.9 times and its transpiration 1.6 times more than the most tolerant spruce.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Westerhof showed less sensitive physiological responses than the average Rachovo half sibs.
- Material
- ‘Westerhof’e0
- Outcome
- physiological responsese0
- Direction
- less sensitivee0
- Comparator
- ‘Rachovo’ half‐sibse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The physiological responses of ‘Westerhof’ were less sensitive than the average ‘Rachovo’ half‐sibs.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
High night ozone doses after day exposure did not affect night transpiration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither night transpiration nor dark respiration were affected by high doses of night O 3 , preceded by day O 3 exposures.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
High night ozone doses after day exposure did not affect dark respiration.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither night transpiration nor dark respiration were affected by high doses of night O 3 , preceded by day O 3 exposures.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities were significantly positively correlated.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gradients of different photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities of the young half‐sibs (and ‘Westerhof’) demonstrated a significant, positive, mutual correlation”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivity gradients correlated positively with parental decline symptoms.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant positive correlations with the gradient of novel decline symptoms of their parents growing in Danish forests.”
t0“spruce”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities may serve as laboratory diagnostic parameters for selection against spruce decline.
- Outcome
- diagnostic parameters in laboratory tests for selection against novel spruce declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The relative photosynthesis and transpiration sensitivities may thus serve as diagnostic parameters in laboratory tests for selection against novel spruce decline.”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · crop injury · PiceaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
ozone · physiology: photosynthesis · PiceaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
ozone · physiology: gas exchange · PiceaResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.