Abstract
For a 3 year period, superphosphate was applied annually at rates of 0, 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 to an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture with a substantial history of superphosphate use. Steers, replaced annually, continuously grazed these pastures so that plant growth responses to superphosphate could be calibrated in animal production and economic terms. Pasture growth rate responses to superphosphate, relative to unfertilized treatments and averaged over 3 years, were 64, 108 and 136% for the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments respectively. Similar proportions of phalaris and subterranean clover were maintained in the unfertilized pasture, and phalaris became the dominant component in the fertilized pastures. Superphosphate significantly increased the level of available pasture and steer growth rates. Steers from the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments averaged, at sale, 70, 98 and 117 kg heavier respectively than those from the unfertilized treatments. Over the experimental period, a twofold reduction in gross margins followed from withholding superphosphate. In contrast, its application in the second and third year led to an average fourfold and sixfold improvement respectively in gross margins. It is suggested that the use of these results to test and improve simulation models of fertilizer systems is the most effective means of establishing guidelines on which to base decisions on current fertilizer policy in other situations. __________________ * Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 28: 991 (1977).
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
At 62 kg ha-1, pasture growth rate was 64 higher than unfertilized pasture.
- Treatment
- 62e0
- Outcome
- Pasture growth ratee0
- Direction
- responsese0
- Value
- 64e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized treatmentse0
PhalarisOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pasture growth rate responses to superphosphate, relative to unfertilized treatments and averaged over 3 years, were 64, 108 and 136% for the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments respectively.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
At 125 kg ha-1, pasture growth rate was 108 higher than unfertilized pasture.
- Treatment
- 125e0
- Outcome
- Pasture growth ratee0
- Direction
- responsese0
- Value
- 108e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pasture growth rate responses to superphosphate, relative to unfertilized treatments and averaged over 3 years, were 64, 108 and 136% for the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments respectively.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
At 250 kg ha-1 kg ha-1, pasture growth rate was 136% higher than unfertilized pasture.
- Treatment
- 250 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Pasture growth ratee0
- Direction
- responsese0
- Value
- 136%e0
- Comparator
- unfertilized treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pasture growth rate responses to superphosphate, relative to unfertilized treatments and averaged over 3 years, were 64, 108 and 136% for the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments respectively.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Phalaris became dominant in fertilized pastures.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“phalaris became the dominant component in the fertilized pastures.”
e1“Similar proportions of phalaris and subterranean clover were maintained in the unfertilized pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Superphosphate increased available pasture.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Superphosphate significantly increased the level of available pasture and steer growth rates.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Superphosphate increased steer growth rates.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Superphosphate significantly increased the level of available pasture and steer growth rates.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Steers on 62 kg ha-1 pasture weighed 70 more at sale.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Steers from the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments averaged, at sale, 70, 98 and 117 kg heavier respectively than those from the unfertilized treatments.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Steers on 125 kg ha-1 pasture weighed 98 more at sale.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Steers from the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments averaged, at sale, 70, 98 and 117 kg heavier respectively than those from the unfertilized treatments.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
Claim · model-written summary
Steers on 250 kg ha-1 kg ha-1 pasture weighed 117 kg more at sale.
- Treatment
- 250 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- Steerse0
- Direction
- heaviere0
- Value
- 117 kge0
- Comparator
- unfertilized treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Steers from the 62, 125 and 250 kg ha-1 treatments averaged, at sale, 70, 98 and 117 kg heavier respectively than those from the unfertilized treatments.”
e1“an established phalaris (Phalaris aquatica)/subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) pasture”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · growth · PhalarisResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.