Abstract
The presence of enzymes and substrates participating in H2O2-deconiposing system (NADPH → glutathione → ascorbate → H2O2) found in chloroplasts, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1) was confirmed in cultured tobacco cells. The specific activities of ascorbate peroxidase (AP), glutathione reductase (GR) (EC 1.6.4.2) and SOD were much higher in callus than in leaves, but catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) was not detected. Tobacco callus also had activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and isocitrate reductase (EC 1.1.1.42), which supplied NADPH. When tobacco callus was illuminated, they became green. The contents of GR, glutathione, and ascorbate were higher in the light than in the dark, but no difference in AP and SOD could be detected between in the light and dark. By the test of Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion using anti-spinach AP and anti-spinach GR, it was confirmed that callus AP and GR had different structures from the leaf enzymes. These results show that callus has developed an active oxygen-decomposing system for overcoming the oxidative stress brought about by becoming callus.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The enzymes and substrates of the H2O2-decomposing system found in chloroplasts, and superoxide dismutase, were confirmed present in cultured tobacco cells.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0 - Organ / stage
- cultured tobacco cellse0
- Outcome
- presence of enzymes and substrates participating in H2O2-deconiposing systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of enzymes and substrates participating in H2O2-deconiposing system (NADPH → glutathione → ascorbate → H2O2) found in chloroplasts, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (EC 1.15.1.1) was confirmed in cultured tobacco cells”
Claim · model-written summary
Specific activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and SOD were much higher in tobacco callus than in leaves.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- calluse1
- Outcome
- specific activities of ascorbate peroxidase (AP), glutathione reductase (GR) (EC 1.6.4.2) and SODe1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e1“The specific activities of ascorbate peroxidase (AP), glutathione reductase (GR) (EC 1.6.4.2) and SOD were much higher in callus than in leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Catalase was not detected in tobacco callus.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) was not detectede2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e2“but catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) was not detected”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco callus had activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and isocitrate reductase, which supply NADPH.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacume3
- Organ / stage
- calluse3
- Outcome
- activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and isocitrate reductase (EC 1.1.1.42)e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Tobacco callus also had activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.49) and isocitrate reductase (EC 1.1.1.42)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tobacco callus became green when illuminated.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume4
- Organ / stage
- calluse4
- Treatment
- illuminatede4
- Outcome
- became greene4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“When tobacco callus was illuminated, they became green”
Claim · model-written summary
Contents of glutathione reductase, glutathione and ascorbate were higher in the light than in the dark in tobacco callus.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- lighte5
- Outcome
- contents of GR, glutathione, and ascorbatee5
- Direction
- highere5
- Comparator
- darke5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e5“The contents of GR, glutathione, and ascorbate were higher in the light than in the dark”
Claim · model-written summary
No difference in ascorbate peroxidase and SOD was detected between light and dark in tobacco callus.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- lighte6
- Outcome
- AP and SODe6
- Direction
- no differencee6
- Comparator
- darke6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e6“no difference in AP and SOD could be detected between in the light and dark”
Claim · model-written summary
Immunodiffusion showed that callus ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase had different structures from the leaf enzymes.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- calluse7
- Outcome
- different structurese7
- Comparator
- leaf enzymese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e7“callus AP and GR had different structures from the leaf enzymes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that callus has developed an active oxygen-decomposing system to overcome the oxidative stress of becoming callus.
- Taxon
- TobaccoNicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- active oxygen-decomposing systeme7
- Qualifier
- overcoming the oxidative stress brought about by becoming calluse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cultured Tobacco Cells”
e7“callus has developed an active oxygen-decomposing system for overcoming the oxidative stress brought about by becoming callus”
The same questions in other papers
light · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.