Abstract
The availability of phenotyping tools to assist breeding programs in the selection of high-quality crop seeds is of obvious interest with consequences for both seed producers and consumers. Seed germination involves the activation of several metabolic pathways, such as cellular respiration to provide the required ATP and reducing power. This work tested the applicability of calorespirometry, the simultaneous measurement of heat and CO 2 rates, as a phenotyping tool to assess seed respiratory properties as a function of temperature. The effect of temperature on seed germination was evaluated after 16 h of seed imbibition by calorespirometric experiments performed in isothermal mode at 15, 20, 25, and 28°C on the seeds of three cultivars of peas ( Pisum sativum L.) commonly used in conventional agriculture (cvs. ‘Rondo’, ‘Torta de Quebrar’, and ‘Maravilha d’América’). Significant differences in metabolic heat rate and CO 2 production rate (R CO2 ) as well as in the temperature responses of these parameters were found among the three cultivars. A seed germination trial was conducted during the 6 days of imbibition to evaluate the predictive power of the parameters derived from the calorespirometric measurements. The germination trial showed that the optimal germination temperature was 20°C and low germination rates were observed at extreme temperatures (15 or 28°C). The cv. ‘Torta de Quebrar’ showed significantly higher germination in comparison with the other two cultivars at all three temperatures. In comparison with the other two cultivars, ‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest metabolic heat and CO 2 rates and the smallest temperature dependence of these measured parameters. Additionally, ‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest values of growth rate and carbon use efficiency calculated from the measured variables. These data suggest that calorespirometry is a useful tool for phenotyping physiologic efficiency at different temperatures during early germination stages, and can determine the seeds with the highest resilience to temperature variation, in this case ‘Torta de Quebrar’.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Pea cultivars differed significantly in metabolic heat rate.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Outcome
- metabolic heat ratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences in metabolic heat rate and CO 2 production rate (R CO2 ) as well as in the temperature responses of these parameters were found among the three cultivars”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea cultivars differed significantly in CO 2 production rate.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- CO 2 production rate (R CO2 )e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences in metabolic heat rate and CO 2 production rate (R CO2 ) as well as in the temperature responses of these parameters were found among the three cultivars”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature responses of metabolic heat and CO 2 rates differed significantly among pea cultivars.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- temperature responses of these parameterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant differences in metabolic heat rate and CO 2 production rate (R CO2 ) as well as in the temperature responses of these parameters were found among the three cultivars”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimal pea seed germination temperature was 20°C.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- optimal germination temperaturee0
- Value
- 20°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the optimal germination temperature was 20°C”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea seed germination rates were low at 15 or 28°C.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- extreme temperatures (15 or 28°C)e0
- Outcome
- germination ratese0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low germination rates were observed at extreme temperatures (15 or 28°C)”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar germinated significantly more than the other cultivars at all three temperatures.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- at all three temperaturese0
- Comparator
- the other two cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The cv. ‘Torta de Quebrar’ showed significantly higher germination in comparison with the other two cultivars at all three temperatures”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar had the lowest metabolic heat rate among the three cultivars.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- metabolic heate0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest metabolic heat and CO 2 rates and the smallest temperature dependence of these measured parameters”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar had the lowest CO 2 rate among the three cultivars.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- CO 2 ratese0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest metabolic heat and CO 2 rates and the smallest temperature dependence of these measured parameters”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar had the smallest temperature dependence of metabolic heat and CO 2 rates.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- temperature dependence of these measured parameterse0
- Direction
- smalleste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest metabolic heat and CO 2 rates and the smallest temperature dependence of these measured parameters”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar had the lowest calculated growth rate.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- growth ratee0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest values of growth rate and carbon use efficiency calculated from the measured variables”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Torta de Quebrar had the lowest calculated carbon use efficiency.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Material
- ‘Torta de Quebrar’e0
- Outcome
- carbon use efficiencye0
- Direction
- loweste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“‘Torta de Quebrar’ has the lowest values of growth rate and carbon use efficiency calculated from the measured variables”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude calorespirometry can phenotype seed physiological efficiency and temperature resilience.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativum L.Lathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- phenotyping physiologic efficiencye0
- Qualifier
- highest resilience to temperature variatione0
Not reportedComparatorDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“calorespirometry is a useful tool for phenotyping physiologic efficiency at different temperatures during early germination stages, and can determine the seeds with the highest resilience to temperature variation”
e1“peas ( Pisum sativum L.)”