Abstract
Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe necator is a major grape disease worldwide. It attacks foliage and berries and reduces yield and wine quality. Fungicides are mainly used for combating the disease. Fungicide resistance and the global requisite to reduce pesticide deployment encourage the use of environment-friendly alternatives for disease management. Our field experiments showed that the foliar application of the potassium phosphate fertilizer Top-KP+ (1-50-33 NPK) reduced disease incidence on leaves and clusters by 15–65% and severity by 75–90%, compared to untreated vines. Top-KP+ mixed with Nanovatz (containing the micronutrients boron (B) and zinc (Zn)) or with TruPhos Platinum (a mixture containing N, P2O5, K2O, Zn, B, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mo, and CO) further reduced disease incidence by 30–90% and disease severity by 85–95%. These fertilizers were as effective as the fungicide tebuconazole. Tank mixtures of fertilizers and tebuconazole further enhanced control efficacy in the vineyards. The modes of action of fertilizers in disease control were elucidated via tests with grape seedlings, microscopy, and berry metabolomics. Fertilizers applied preventively to the foliage of grape seedlings inhibited powdery mildew development. Application onto existing mildew colonies plasmolyzed mycelia and conidia and arrested the development of the disease. Berries treated with fertilizers or with a fungicide showed a significant increase in anti-fungal and antioxidant metabolites. Twenty-two metabolites, including non-protein amino acids and carbohydrates, known for their anti-fungal and bioactive effects, were significantly upregulated in grapes treated with fertilizers as compared to grapes treated with a fungicide, suggesting possible indirect activity against the pathogen. Esters and organic acids that contribute to wine quality were also upregulated. We conclude that integrating macro and micronutrients in spray programs in commercial vineyards shall control powdery mildew, reduce fungicide deployment, delay the buildup of fungicide resistance, and may improve wine quality.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Top-KP+ reduced powdery mildew incidence on leaves and clusters by 15–65% relative to untreated vines.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- Top-KP+ (1-50-33 NPK)e0
- Interactor
- Erysiphe necator
Erysiphe necatore1pathogene0 - Outcome
- disease incidence on leaves and clusterse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 15–65%e0
- Comparator
- untreated vinese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the foliar application of the potassium phosphate fertilizer Top-KP+ (1-50-33 NPK) reduced disease incidence on leaves and clusters by 15–65% and severity by 75–90%, compared to untreated vines”
t0“Grape”
e1“Powdery mildew caused by the fungus Erysiphe necator”
Claim · model-written summary
Top-KP+ reduced powdery mildew severity by 75–90% relative to untreated vines.
Verbatim
e0“reduced disease incidence on leaves and clusters by 15–65% and severity by 75–90%, compared to untreated vines”
t0“Mixtures of Macro and Micronutrients Control Grape Powdery Mildew and Alter Berry Metabolites”
e1“the foliar application of the potassium phosphate fertilizer Top-KP+ (1-50-33 NPK) reduced disease incidence on leaves and clusters by 15–65% and severity by 75–90%, compared to untreated vines”
Claim · model-written summary
Top-KP+ mixed with micronutrients reduced disease incidence by 30–90%.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- Top-KP+ mixed with Nanovatze0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- further reducede0
- Value
- 30–90%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Top-KP+ mixed with Nanovatz (containing the micronutrients boron (B) and zinc (Zn)) or with TruPhos Platinum (a mixture containing N, P2O5, K2O, Zn, B, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mo, and CO) further reduced disease incidence by 30–90% and disease severity by 85–95%”
t0“Mixtures of Macro and Micronutrients Control Grape Powdery Mildew and Alter Berry Metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Top-KP+ mixed with TruPhos Platinum reduced disease severity by 85–95%.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- TruPhos Platinume0
- Outcome
- disease severitye0
- Direction
- further reducede0
- Value
- 85–95%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Top-KP+ mixed with Nanovatz (containing the micronutrients boron (B) and zinc (Zn)) or with TruPhos Platinum (a mixture containing N, P2O5, K2O, Zn, B, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Mo, and CO) further reduced disease incidence by 30–90% and disease severity by 85–95%”
t0“Mixtures of Macro and Micronutrients Control Grape Powdery Mildew and Alter Berry Metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizers controlled grape mildew as effectively as tebuconazole.
Verbatim
e0“These fertilizers were as effective as the fungicide tebuconazole”
t0“Mixtures of Macro and Micronutrients Control Grape Powdery Mildew and Alter Berry Metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank mixtures of fertilizers and tebuconazole further enhanced vineyard control efficacy.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- Tank mixtures of fertilizers and tebuconazolee0
- Outcome
- control efficacye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Setting
- vineyardse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Tank mixtures of fertilizers and tebuconazole further enhanced control efficacy in the vineyards”
t0“Mixtures of Macro and Micronutrients Control Grape Powdery Mildew and Alter Berry Metabolites”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive fertilizer applications inhibited powdery mildew development on grape seedlings.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- Fertilizers applied preventivelye0
- Interactor
- powdery mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- powdery mildew developmente0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Fertilizers applied preventively to the foliage of grape seedlings inhibited powdery mildew development”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer application to established mildew colonies plasmolyzed mycelia and conidia and arrested disease development.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- Application onto existing mildew coloniese0
- Interactor
- mildewe0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelia and conidiae0
- Direction
- plasmolyzede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application onto existing mildew colonies plasmolyzed mycelia and conidia and arrested the development of the disease”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer or fungicide treatment significantly increased antifungal and antioxidant berry metabolites.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Organ / stage
- Berriese0
- Treatment
- fertilizers or with a fungicidee0
- Outcome
- anti-fungal and antioxidant metabolitese0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Berries treated with fertilizers or with a fungicide showed a significant increase in anti-fungal and antioxidant metabolites”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Twenty-two metabolites were significantly upregulated in fertilizer-treated grapes versus fungicide-treated grapes.
Verbatim
e0“Twenty-two metabolites, including non-protein amino acids and carbohydrates, known for their anti-fungal and bioactive effects, were significantly upregulated in grapes treated with fertilizers as compared to grapes treated with a fungicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Esters and organic acids contributing to wine quality were also upregulated.
Verbatim
e0“Esters and organic acids that contribute to wine quality were also upregulated”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend integrating macro and micronutrients into commercial vineyard sprays to control mildew and reduce fungicide use.
Verbatim
e0“integrating macro and micronutrients in spray programs in commercial vineyards shall control powdery mildew, reduce fungicide deployment, delay the buildup of fungicide resistance, and may improve wine quality”
t0“Grape”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · Erysiphe necator · VitisPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
fertilization · disease · VitisPositive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →fertilization · molecular: metabolites · VitisPositive and negative results
44 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →fungicide · molecular: metabolites · VitisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
nanoparticle · disease · VitisResults agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.