Abstract
Soil salinity is an important environmental factor affecting physiological processes in plants. It is possible to limit the negative effects of salt through the exogenous application of microelements. Silicon (Si) is widely recognized as an element improving plant resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. The aim of the research was to determine the impact of foliar application of Si on the photosynthetic apparatus, gas exchange and DNA methylation of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grown under salt stress. Plants grown under controlled pot experiment were exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) in the soil at a concentration of 200 mM, and two foliar applications of Si were made at three concentrations (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%). Measurements were made of relative chlorophyll content in leaves (CCl), gas exchange parameters (Ci, E, gs, and PN), and selected chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, PI and RC/ABS). Additionally, DNA methylation level based on cytosine methylation within the 3′CCGG 5′ sequence was analyzed. Salinity had a negative effect on the values of the parameters examined. Exogenous application of Si by spraying leaves increased the values of the measured parameters in plants. Plants treated with NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%) and highest (0.2%) dose of Si indicated the lowest methylation level. Decrease of methylation implicated with activation of gene expression resulted in better physiological parameters observed in this group of barley plants.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity negatively affected measured barley physiological parameters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree1 - Treatment
- sodium chloride (NaCl) in the soil at a concentration of 200 mMe2
- Outcome
- values of the parameters examinede0
- Direction
- negative effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Salinity had a negative effect on the values of the parameters examined.”
e1“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
e2“Plants grown under controlled pot experiment were exposed to sodium chloride (NaCl) in the soil at a concentration of 200 mM”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar Si increased measured barley physiological parameters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree1
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- Exogenous application of Si by spraying leavese0
- Outcome
- values of the measured parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous application of Si by spraying leaves increased the values of the measured parameters in plants.”
e1“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl with 0.1% Si yielded the lowest barley methylation level.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%)e0
- Outcome
- methylation levele0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants treated with NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%) and highest (0.2%) dose of Si indicated the lowest methylation level.”
e1“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl with 0.2% Si yielded the lowest barley methylation level.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)Hordeum vulgaree1
- Treatment
- highest (0.2%) dose of Sie0
- Outcome
- methylation levele0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants treated with NaCl in combination with the moderate (0.1%) and highest (0.2%) dose of Si indicated the lowest methylation level.”
e1“barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors connect lower methylation and gene expression activation to better physiological parameters in barley.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- better physiological parameterse0
- Qualifier
- Decrease of methylation implicated with activation of gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Decrease of methylation implicated with activation of gene expression resulted in better physiological parameters observed in this group of barley plants.”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · molecular: expression · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
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1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →sodium chloride · molecular: expression · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.