Abstract
Tocopherols are natural antioxidants that increase the stability of fat-containing foods and are well known for their health benefits. To investigate the variation in seed tocopherol composition of soybeans from different origins, 493 soybean accessions from different countries (China, USA, Japan, and Russia) belonging to 7 maturity groups (MG 0–VI) were grown in 2 locations (Beijing and Hainan Provinces of China) for 2 years (2017 and 2018). The results showed that significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed among the accessions and origins for individual and total tocopherol contents. The total tocopherol content ranged from 118.92 μg g−1 to 344.02 μg g−1. Accessions from the USA had the highest average concentration of γ- and total tocopherols (152.92 and 238.21 μg g−1, respectively), whereas a higher level of α-tocopherol (12.82 μg g−1) was observed in the Russian accessions. The maturity group of the accession significantly (p < 0.001) influenced all tocopherol components, and higher levels of α-, γ-, and total tocopherols were observed in early maturing accessions, while late-maturing accessions exhibited higher levels of δ-tocopherol. The inclination of tocopherol concentrations with various MGs provided further evidence of the significance of MG in soybean breeding for seed tocopherol components. Furthermore, the correlation between the seed tocopherol components and geographical factors revealed that α-, γ-, and total tocopherols had significant positive correlations with latitude, while δ-tocopherol showed an opposite trend. The elite accessions with high and stable tocopherol concentrations determined could be used to develop functional foods, industrial materials, and breeding lines to improve tocopherol composition in soybean seeds.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Individual and total seed tocopherol contents differed significantly among accessions and origins.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- accessionse0
- Outcome
- individual and total tocopherol contentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed among the accessions and origins for individual and total tocopherol contents”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Total seed tocopherol content ranged from 118.92 to 344.02 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- total tocopherol contente0
- Value
- 118.92 μg g−1 to 344.02 μg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The total tocopherol content ranged from 118.92 μg g−1 to 344.02 μg g−1.”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
USA accessions had the highest average γ-tocopherol at 152.92 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Accessions from the USAe0
- Outcome
- concentration of γ-e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 152.92e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accessions from the USA had the highest average concentration of γ- and total tocopherols (152.92 and 238.21 μg g−1, respectively)”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
USA accessions had the highest average total tocopherol at 238.21 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Accessions from the USAe0
- Outcome
- total tocopherolse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 238.21 μg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accessions from the USA had the highest average concentration of γ- and total tocopherols (152.92 and 238.21 μg g−1, respectively)”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Russian accessions had higher α-tocopherol at 12.82 μg g−1.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- Russian accessionse0
- Outcome
- α-tocopherole0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 12.82 μg g−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a higher level of α-tocopherol (12.82 μg g−1) was observed in the Russian accessions”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Maturity group significantly influenced all tocopherol components.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- maturity group of the accessione0
- Outcome
- all tocopherol componentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maturity group of the accession significantly (p < 0.001) influenced all tocopherol components”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Early maturing accessions had higher α-, γ-, and total tocopherols.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- early maturing accessionse0
- Outcome
- α-, γ-, and total tocopherolse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher levels of α-, γ-, and total tocopherols were observed in early maturing accessions”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Late maturing accessions had higher δ-tocopherol.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- late-maturing accessionse0
- Outcome
- δ-tocopherole0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“late-maturing accessions exhibited higher levels of δ-tocopherol”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Latitude correlated positively with α-, γ-, and total tocopherols.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- α-, γ-, and total tocopherolse0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Setting
- latitudee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“α-, γ-, and total tocopherols had significant positive correlations with latitude”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
δ-tocopherol showed the opposite latitude trend.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- δ-tocopherole0
- Direction
- opposite trende0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“δ-tocopherol showed an opposite trend”
t0“Soybean Accessions”
Claim · model-written summary
Elite accessions with high stable tocopherols were identified for breeding.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Material
- elite accessionse0
- Outcome
- high and stable tocopherol concentrationse0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elite accessions with high and stable tocopherol concentrations determined could be used to develop functional foods, industrial materials, and breeding lines to improve tocopherol composition in soybean seeds”