Abstract
Abstract Purpose (1) To assess the biological N fixation (BNF) potential of varieties of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) cropped with or without compost in an experimental field-scale rotation with no recent history of legumes, (2) to enumerate soil populations of Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. viciae ( Rlv ), and to genetically characterize the nodulating Rlv strains, (3) compare BNF with other sites in Britain. Methods BNF was evaluated from 2012 to 2015 using 15 N natural abundance. Treatments were either PK fertilizer or compost. Soil rhizobial populations were determined using qPCR, the symbiotic rhizobia genotyped (16 S rRNA, nodA and nodD genes), and their BNF capacity assessed ex situ . The reliance of legumes on BNF at other British sites was estimated in a single season, and their nodulating symbionts examined. Results Faba bean obtained most of its N through BNF (>80%) regardless of variety or year. N-accumulation by cvs Babylon and Boxer increased with compost treatment in 2014/2015. Rhizobial populations were c. 10 5 -10 6 Rlv cells g −1 soil regardless of field or treatment. 157 Rlv microsymbionts grouped into two large nodAD clades; one mainly from V. faba , and the other from various legumes. All isolates nodulated, and some performed better than commercial inoculant strains. Conclusions Faba bean can provide most of its nitrogen through BNF and leave economically valuable residual N for subsequent crops. Recent legume cropping in northern Europe is not essential for effective nodulation: rhizobia may persist in a range of farmland locations. Nevertheless, there is the potential to apply elite rhizobial strains as inoculants in some soils.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean obtained most of its nitrogen through biological N fixation, above 80%, regardless of variety or year.
- Taxon
- Faba bean
Vicia fabae1 - Outcome
- obtained most of its N through BNFe1
- Value
- >80%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Faba bean obtained most of its N through BNF (>80%) regardless of variety or year”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen accumulation by faba bean cultivars Babylon and Boxer increased with compost treatment in 2014/2015.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Material
- cvs Babylon and Boxere2
- Treatment
- compost treatmente2
- Outcome
- N-accumulatione2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“N-accumulation by cvs Babylon and Boxer increased with compost treatment in 2014/2015”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobial populations in the soil were around 10^5 to 10^6 Rlv cells per gram regardless of field or treatment.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- Rlve3symbiont
- Outcome
- Rhizobial populationse3
- Value
- 10 5 -10 6e3
- Qualifier
- regardless of field or treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Rhizobial populations were c. 10 5 -10 6 Rlv cells g −1 soil regardless of field or treatment”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 157 Rlv microsymbionts grouped into two large nodAD clades.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- Rlv microsymbiontse4symbiont
- Outcome
- grouped into two large nodAD cladese4
- Value
- two largee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“157 Rlv microsymbionts grouped into two large nodAD clades; one mainly from V. faba , and the other from various legumes”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
All tested Rlv isolates nodulated faba bean.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- Rlv microsymbiontse4symbiont
- Outcome
- nodulatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“157 Rlv microsymbionts grouped into two large nodAD clades; one mainly from V. faba , and the other from various legumes”
e5“All isolates nodulated”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Some Rlv isolates performed better than commercial inoculant strains.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- Rlv microsymbiontse4symbiont
- Outcome
- performed bettere6
- Comparator
- commercial inoculant strainse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“157 Rlv microsymbionts grouped into two large nodAD clades; one mainly from V. faba , and the other from various legumes”
e6“some performed better than commercial inoculant strains”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Recent legume cropping is not essential for effective nodulation of faba bean in northern Europe.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- Recent legume croppinge7
- Outcome
- effective nodulatione7
- Direction
- not essentiale7
- Setting
- northern Europee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Recent legume cropping in northern Europe is not essential for effective nodulation”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia may persist in a range of farmland locations.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Interactor
- rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- persist in a range of farmland locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rhizobia may persist in a range of farmland locations”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Elite rhizobial strains could be applied as inoculants for faba bean in some soils.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- apply elite rhizobial strains as inoculantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“there is the potential to apply elite rhizobial strains as inoculants in some soils”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Faba bean can leave economically valuable residual N for subsequent crops.
- Taxon
- Faba beanVicia fabae2
- Outcome
- leave economically valuable residual N for subsequent cropse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Faba bean can provide most of its nitrogen through BNF and leave economically valuable residual N for subsequent crops”
t0“crops of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · nutrient: content · Vicia faba (faba bean)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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