Abstract
Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the amelioration effect of Ca salts (CaS04 and CaC12 ) on the growth of snapbeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under sodium stress and to determine the effect of ion speciation on the uptake of Ca, Na, S04, and Cl by snapbeans. In Experiment 1, the seeds were grown in styrofoam pots, with a growing medium of sand and vermiculite at a volume ratio of 3:1. The treatment solutions were 0 (Hoagland's solution), 20, 40, 60, and 80 mmolc/L NaCl or Na2S04. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed that NaCl treatments depressed the growth of snapbeans more than corresponding Na 2S04 treatments. Also NaCl treatments increased the uptake of Na and Ca as compared to Na2S04treatments. Sodium uptake appeared to be related to the concentrations of complex species rather than to free Na ion, whereas Ca uptake strongly correlated with free Ca2+ concentration. In Experiment 2, the seeds were grown in a sand growing medium. The treatment solutions were 0 (Hoagland's solution), 15, 30, 45, and 60 mmolc/L NaCl or Na2S04 , combined with CaSO4 • 2H20 or CaCl2 • 2H20 at concentrations of 15 or 30 mmolc/L . In addition, one replicate was planted in PVC cells (with electrodes) in order to monitor the electrical conductivity of the media using the four probe. The results showed that addition of CaS04 to NaCl or Na2S04 was associated with a better amelioration of Na stress than CaCl2 • Also the presence of CaS04 , with NaCl or Na2S04 , decreased the uptake of Ca and Na ions relative to CaCl2 treatment. Ion speciation data suggested that Na complexation was more important than free ion concentration in affecting Na uptake by the plant, whereas Ca, S04 , and Cl uptake were correlated to free ion concentrations. With respect to EC, determinations, the four probe was used to monitor salinity during the whole experiment period. Ion speciation data showed that Na2S04 treatments had a lower EC than NaCl at the same molar concentration levels. Also, CaS04 treatments, regardless of the Na salt, had lower EC values than CaCl2 treatments of equal concentration.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl depressed snapbean growth more than Na2S04.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- NaCl treatmentse0
- Outcome
- growth of snapbeanse0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Comparator
- Na 2S04 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaCl treatments depressed the growth of snapbeans more than corresponding Na 2S04 treatments.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl increased Na uptake relative to Na2S04.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NaCl treatmentse0
- Outcome
- uptake of Nae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Na2S04treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also NaCl treatments increased the uptake of Na and Ca as compared to Na2S04treatments.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl increased Ca uptake relative to Na2S04.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- NaCl treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Cae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- Na2S04treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also NaCl treatments increased the uptake of Na and Ca as compared to Na2S04treatments.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium uptake was related to complex species concentrations rather than free Na.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- complex speciese0
- Outcome
- Sodium uptakee0
- Comparator
- free Na ione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sodium uptake appeared to be related to the concentrations of complex species rather than to free Na ion”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca uptake correlated strongly with free Ca2+ concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- free Ca2+e0
- Outcome
- Ca uptakee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca uptake strongly correlated with free Ca2+ concentration.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
CaS04 ameliorated Na stress better than CaCl2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- addition of CaS04e0
- Outcome
- amelioration of Na stresse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- CaCl2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of CaS04 to NaCl or Na2S04 was associated with a better amelioration of Na stress than CaCl2”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
CaS04 decreased Ca uptake relative to CaCl2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- presence of CaS04e0
- Outcome
- uptake of Cae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- CaCl2 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of CaS04 , with NaCl or Na2S04 , decreased the uptake of Ca and Na ions relative to CaCl2 treatment.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
CaS04 decreased Na uptake relative to CaCl2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- presence of CaS04e0
- Outcome
- Na ionse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- CaCl2 treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of CaS04 , with NaCl or Na2S04 , decreased the uptake of Ca and Na ions relative to CaCl2 treatment.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Na complexation was more important than free ion concentration for Na uptake.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- Na complexatione0
- Outcome
- Na uptakee0
- Direction
- more importante0
- Comparator
- free ion concentratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Na complexation was more important than free ion concentration in affecting Na uptake by the plant”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ca uptake correlated with free ion concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- free ion concentrationse0
- Outcome
- Cae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca, S04 , and Cl uptake were correlated to free ion concentrations.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
S04 uptake correlated with free ion concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- free ion concentrationse0
- Outcome
- S04e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca, S04 , and Cl uptake were correlated to free ion concentrations.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Cl uptake correlated with free ion concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Compound
- free ion concentrationse0
- Outcome
- Cl uptakee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca, S04 , and Cl uptake were correlated to free ion concentrations.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Na2S04 produced lower electrical conductivity than NaCl.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Na2S04 treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ECe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- NaCle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Na2S04 treatments had a lower EC than NaCl at the same molar concentration levels.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
Claim · model-written summary
CaS04 produced lower electrical conductivity than CaCl2.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris L.Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- CaS04 treatmentse0
- Outcome
- EC valuese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- CaCl2 treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CaS04 treatments, regardless of the Na salt, had lower EC values than CaCl2 treatments of equal concentration.”
t0“Phaseolus vulgaris L.”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
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- positive
- positive
39 papers more in this group
See all 43 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.