Abstract
A 3 year field experiment was conducted to study the productivity, soil fertility and N-use efficiency of intensified Rice-Wheat (R-W) systems by adding a third pre-rice crop of mungbean. System productivity, fertility and N use efficiency were evaluated under five N fertilizer levels (0, 50,100,150 and 200 % N of recommended dose, two straw retention (SR) levels (0 and 100%) and two tillage options (permanent raised bed and conventional tillage with planting on the flat (CTP) in a R-W- mungbean cropping system. Permanent beds with straw retention produced the highest productivity for all three crops in the sequence. Within each N rate the total system (rice-wheat-mungbean) productivity was greatest with 100% SR on PRB and least in CTP with no straw retention. At 100% of recommended fertilizer N rate, mean annual system productivity was 12.5 t/ha for PRB with 100% SR, 11.2 t/ha with PRB without SR and 10.3 t/ha with CTP without SR. N uptake and use efficiency were increased with increasing N levels with bed planting up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1) in wheat, 100% (80 kg N ha-1) in rice and 100% N (20 kg N ha-1 ) in mungbean for all three years. System productivity in N unfertilized plots increased when straw was retained due to increased supply and uptake of N. The results suggest that N fertilizer rates may be reduced when straw is retained. Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRB had increased by 0.22% after 3 years (3 rice-wheat-mungbean crop cycles) with straw retention, with a greater increase with 100% SR. Straw retention is an important component of soil management and may have long term positive impacts on soil quality. Compared with conventional tillage with crop residues removed, the combination of PRB with nitrogen and residues retained appears to be a very promising technology for sustainable intensification of R-W systems in Bangladesh
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Permanent beds with straw retention produced the highest productivity for all three crops in the sequence.
- Taxon
- Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systemst0
- Treatment
- Permanent beds with straw retentione1
- Outcome
- productivity for all three cropse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e1“Permanent beds with straw retention produced the highest productivity for all three crops in the sequence”
Claim · model-written summary
Within each N rate, total system productivity was greatest with 100% SR on PRB and least in CTP without straw retention.
Verbatim
e2“Within each N rate the total system (rice-wheat-mungbean) productivity was greatest with 100% SR on PRB and least in CTP with no straw retention”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100% of the recommended N rate, mean annual system productivity was 12.5 t/ha for PRB with 100% SR.
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e3“At 100% of recommended fertilizer N rate, mean annual system productivity was 12.5 t/ha for PRB with 100% SR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100% of the recommended N rate, mean annual system productivity was 11.2 t/ha for PRB without straw retention.
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e4“At 100% of recommended fertilizer N rate, mean annual system productivity was 12.5 t/ha for PRB with 100% SR, 11.2 t/ha with PRB without SR”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100% of the recommended N rate, mean annual system productivity was 10.3 t/ha for CTP without straw retention.
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e5“At 100% of recommended fertilizer N rate, mean annual system productivity was 12.5 t/ha for PRB with 100% SR, 11.2 t/ha with PRB without SR and 10.3 t/ha with CTP without SR”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake and use efficiency in wheat increased with increasing N levels up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume6 - Treatment
- increasing N levelse6
- Outcome
- N uptake and use efficiencye6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1)e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“N uptake and use efficiency were increased with increasing N levels with bed planting up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1) in wheat, 100% (80 kg N ha-1) in rice and 100% N (20 kg N ha-1 ) in mungbean for all three years”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake and use efficiency in rice increased with increasing N levels up to 100% (80 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae6 - Treatment
- increasing N levelse6
- Outcome
- N uptake and use efficiencye6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- 100% (80 kg N ha-1)e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“N uptake and use efficiency were increased with increasing N levels with bed planting up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1) in wheat, 100% (80 kg N ha-1) in rice and 100% N (20 kg N ha-1 ) in mungbean for all three years”
Claim · model-written summary
N uptake and use efficiency in mungbean increased with increasing N levels up to 100% N (20 kg N ha-1).
- Taxon
- mungbean
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Vigna radiatae6 - Treatment
- increasing N levelse6
- Outcome
- N uptake and use efficiencye6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Qualifier
- 100% N (20 kg N ha-1 )e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“N uptake and use efficiency were increased with increasing N levels with bed planting up to 150% N application (150 kg N ha-1) in wheat, 100% (80 kg N ha-1) in rice and 100% N (20 kg N ha-1 ) in mungbean for all three years”
Claim · model-written summary
System productivity in N-unfertilized plots increased when straw was retained, through increased N supply and uptake.
- Taxon
- Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systemst0
- Treatment
- straw was retainede7
- Outcome
- System productivity in N unfertilized plotse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- due to increased supply and uptake of Ne7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e7“System productivity in N unfertilized plots increased when straw was retained due to increased supply and uptake of N”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRB increased by 0.22% after 3 years with straw retention.
- Taxon
- rice-wheat-mungbeane1
- Treatment
- straw retentione1
- Outcome
- Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRBe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 0.22%e1
- Qualifier
- after 3 yearse1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRB had increased by 0.22% after 3 years (3 rice-wheat-mungbean crop cycles) with straw retention”
Claim · model-written summary
The increase in soil organic matter was greater with 100% SR.
- Taxon
- rice-wheat-mungbeane1
- Treatment
- 100% SRe2
- Outcome
- Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRBe1
- Direction
- greatere2
- Qualifier
- with a greater increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Soil organic matter in surface soil layers of the PRB had increased by 0.22% after 3 years (3 rice-wheat-mungbean crop cycles) with straw retention”
e2“with a greater increase with 100% SR”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw retention is an important component of soil management and may have long-term positive impacts on soil quality.
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e1“Straw retention is an important component of soil management and may have long term positive impacts on soil quality”
Claim · model-written summary
N fertilizer rates may be reduced when straw is retained.
Verbatim
t0“Rice-Wheat-Mungbean Systems”
e1“The results suggest that N fertilizer rates may be reduced when straw is retained”
Claim · model-written summary
Permanent beds with nitrogen and retained residues appear to be a very promising technology for sustainable intensification of rice-wheat systems in Bangladesh, compared with conventional tillage with residues removed.
Verbatim
e1“Compared with conventional tillage with crop residues removed, the combination of PRB with nitrogen and residues retained appears to be a very promising technology for sustainable intensification of R-W systems in Bangladesh”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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See all 15 papers →nitrogen · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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See all 464 papers →nitrogen · nutrient: content · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
409 papers in the same direction as this paper · 64 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 479 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.