Paper · 2021 · International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management

Effect of Oil Cakes and Bio-agents Each Alone and in Combination for Management of Root Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Green Gram

Poornata Jena; N. K. Sahoo; J. K. Mahalik

9
claims
15
verbatim quotes
3
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

A pot experiment was carried out in the net house of Department of Nematology, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during June to August, 2017 on the application of oilcakes (mustard cake and neem cake) and bio-agents (Trichoderma viride, Glomus fasciculatum, Rhizobium leguminosarum) each alone and in combination for the management of root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in green gram. Result of the experiment indicated that soil application of mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 of green gram seed declined the root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot index with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check. But integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seed exhibited the lowest M. incognita population 200 cc soil-1 (153.33 J2), number of galls plant-1 (7.0), number of eggmass plant-1 (2.0) and root knot index (2.0) reflecting enhancement of plant growth parameters, number of pods (206.67%), number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check. This integrated management module also recorded maximum increase in the availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll content as compared to other treatments.

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Claims 9

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined mustard cake, AM fungus, and Rhizobium lowered nematode population, galls, egg masses, and root knot index versus other treatments and untreated checks.

Treatment
mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1e0
Interactor
root knot nematodeMeloidogynee0pathogen
Second interactor
Glomus fasciculatumRhizophagus fasciculatuse0symbiont
Outcome
root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot indexe0
Direction
declinede0
Comparator
other treatments and untreated checke0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Meloidogyne
Meloidogyne · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Photo by William Wergin and Richard Sayre. Colorized by Stephen Ausmus. U.S. Department of Agriculture · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“soil application of mustard or neem cake @ 50 g m-2 with AM fungus (Glomus fasciculatum) @ 5 g m-² and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 of green gram seed declined the root knot nematode population, number of galls plant-1, number of eggmass plant-1and root knot index with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 432–858 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Combined oil cake, AM fungus, and Rhizobium increased plant growth and chlorophyll content.

Outcome
plant growth parameters and chlorophyll contente0
Direction
increasee0
Comparator
other treatments and untreated checke0

Not reportedTreatment

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“with corresponding increase of plant growth parameters and chlorophyll content in green gram plant as compared to other treatments and untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 708–858 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated mustard cake, AM fungus, and Rhizobium module gave the lowest nematode population of 153.33 J2 per 200 cc soil.

Treatment
integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seede0
Interactor
M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae0pathogen
Outcome
M. incognita populatione0
Direction
loweste0
Value
153.33 J2e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Meloidogyne incognita
Meloidogyne incognita · InteractorPhoto by William Wergin and Richard Sayre. Colorized by Stephen Ausmus. U.S. Department of Agriculture · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“integration of mustard cake @ 50 g m-2 at 2 weeks prior to sowing with AM fungus @ 5 g m-2 at 10 days before sowing and seed treatment of Rhizobium @ 25 g kg-1 green gram seed exhibited the lowest M. incognita population 200 cc soil-1 (153.33 J2)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1110 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module gave seven galls per plant.

Outcome
number of galls plant-1e0
Value
7.0e0

Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of galls plant-1 (7.0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1112–1141 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module gave two egg masses per plant.

Outcome
number of eggmass plant-1e0
Value
2.0e0

Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of eggmass plant-1 (2.0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1143–1174 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module gave a root knot index of 2.0.

Outcome
root knot indexe0
Value
2.0e0

Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“root knot index (2.0)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1179–1200 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module increased pod number by 206.67% over the untreated check.

Outcome
number of podse0
Value
206.67%e0
Comparator
untreated checke0

Not reportedTreatmentDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of pods (206.67%), number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1252–1326 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module increased nodule number by 691.17% over the untreated check.

Outcome
number of nodulese0
Value
691.17%e0
Comparator
untreated checke0

Not reportedTreatmentDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“number of nodules (691.17%) over untreated check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1278–1326 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated module yielded maximum increases in soil NPK availability and chlorophyll content.

Treatment
This integrated management modulee0
Outcome
availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll contente0
Direction
maximum increasee0
Comparator
other treatmentse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata var. radiata
Vigna radiata var. radiata · Taxon · picture of the speciesIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“This integrated management module also recorded maximum increase in the availability of NPK content in soil and chlorophyll content as compared to other treatments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1328–1491 · show in text ↑
t0

“Green Gram”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 129–139 · show in text ↑

botanical · Meloidogyne · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
See all 2 papers →

seed treatment · Meloidogyne incognita · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

seed treatment · Meloidogyne · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
See all 3 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.