Abstract
Background: Pulses are wonderful gift of the nature to agriculture. They provide nutrition to human beings and animals as food and feed respectively. Among the pulses, chickpea is an important rabi season crop with high acceptability and wider use in nutritional food basket. A field experiment was carried out on medium black calcareous soil at Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, Gujarat during rabi season 2017-18 under saurastra condition to evaluate agronomic biofortification of zinc in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties through seed, soil and foliar application. Methods: The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications. The treatment combinations comprised two varieties viz., GG 1 (V1) and GJG 3 (V2) and six zinc fortification treatments viz., control, seed treatment ZnSO4 @ 3 g kg-1 seed, 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray, seed treatment ZnSO4 @ 3g kg-1 seed + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray, soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 and soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray. The chickpea was grown with standard package of practices. Result: The results revealed that a significant improvement in 100-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were observed with chickpea variety GJG 3 over GG 1. Significantly higher numbers of pods per plant (45.83) was recorded with variety GG 1. Significantly, chickpea variety GJG 3 was found superior in zinc content and uptake in seed and stover. Under agronomic strategy, zinc fortification through soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
GJG 3 had significantly improved 100-seed weight over GG 1.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Material
- GJG 3e0
- Outcome
- 100-seed weighte0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- GG 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant improvement in 100-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were observed with chickpea variety GJG 3 over GG 1”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
GJG 3 had significantly improved seed yield over GG 1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- GJG 3e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- GG 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant improvement in 100-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were observed with chickpea variety GJG 3 over GG 1”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
GJG 3 had significantly improved stover yield over GG 1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- GJG 3e0
- Outcome
- stover yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- GG 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant improvement in 100-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were observed with chickpea variety GJG 3 over GG 1”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
GJG 3 had significantly improved biological yield over GG 1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- GJG 3e0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- GG 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a significant improvement in 100-seed weight, seed yield, stover yield and biological yield were observed with chickpea variety GJG 3 over GG 1”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
GG 1 had significantly more pods per plant, 45.83.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly higher numbers of pods per plant (45.83) was recorded with variety GG 1”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
GJG 3 had superior zinc content and uptake in seed and stover.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- GJG 3e0
- Outcome
- zinc content and uptake in seed and stovere0
- Direction
- superiore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chickpea variety GJG 3 was found superior in zinc content and uptake in seed and stover”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved pods per plant to 55.17.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- pods per plante0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 55.17e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved seed yield to 2288 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 2288 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved stover yield to 3553 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- stover yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 3553 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved protein content in seed to 22.89%.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- protein content in seede0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 22.89%e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved protein yield to 523 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- protein yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 523 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved zinc content in seed to 45.98 ppm.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- zinc content and uptake in seed and stovere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 45.98e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved zinc content in stover to 37.51 ppm.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- zinc content and uptake in seed and stovere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 37.51 ppme0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved zinc uptake in seed to 104.87 g ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- zinc content and uptake in seed and stovere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 104.87e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined soil and foliar zinc treatment improved zinc uptake in stover to 133.35 g ha-1.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spraye0
- Outcome
- zinc content and uptake in seed and stovere0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 133.35 g ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- at flowering and pod filling stagese0
- Comparator
- all other zinc biofortification treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil application ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1 + 0.5% ZnSO4 foliar spray at flowering and pod filling stages significantly improved yield attribute and yield viz., pods per plant (55.17), seed yield (2288 kg ha-1) and stover yield (3553 kg ha-1) and quality parameters viz., protein content in seed (22.89%) and protein yield (523 kg ha-1), zinc content and uptake in seed and stover (45.98 and 37.51 ppm and 104.87 and 133.35 g ha-1, respectively) over all other zinc biofortification treatments”
t0“Chickpea Varieties in Calcareous Soil”
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See all 177 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.