Abstract
Two animal manure sources (swine and sheep/goat manures) each at 5 Mt·ha-1, were applied in mono- and intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) to assess their effects on growth, yield and productivity of the systems. A general control (no manure treatment of the component crops was established) for productivity assessment. The trial was conducted at the Federal College of Agriculture, Ishiagu, in the derived savanna plains, Ishiagu, Nigeria in 2012 and 2013 mid-cropping seasons. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Maize and groundnut were planted in monocrop and intercrop without manure, and with swine manure or goat/sheep manure. Some of the growth and yield data collected from the component crops were plant height, number of leaves·plant-1, stem girth, cob length, number of seeds·m-2, weight of seeds·m-2, number of pods·m-2 and grain yield. All the data were statistically analysed and means compared with least significant difference at p<0.05 level of significance. The combined analysis indicated that animal manure sources significantly (P<0.05) increased growth and yield of the crops in the systems. The economic and biological productivity indices indicated that the application of sheep/goat manure in the mixture exhibited greater intercrop advantage. Hence, the application of sheep/goat manure gave higher gross monetary return, % land saved and total land equivalent ratio, which was higher by 13.76%, 7.50% and 4.79 %, respectively relative to swine manure application. Therefore, sheep/goat manure application should be encouraged in maize-groundnut intercrop.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Animal manure significantly increased maize growth in the cropping systems.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“animal manure sources significantly (P<0.05) increased growth and yield of the crops in the systems”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal manure significantly increased groundnut growth in the cropping systems.
- Taxon
- groundnut
Arachis hypogaeae1 - Treatment
- animal manure sourcese0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“animal manure sources significantly (P<0.05) increased growth and yield of the crops in the systems”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal manure significantly increased maize yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“animal manure sources significantly (P<0.05) increased growth and yield of the crops in the systems”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Animal manure significantly increased groundnut yield.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- animal manure sourcese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“animal manure sources significantly (P<0.05) increased growth and yield of the crops in the systems”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sheep/goat manure gave greater maize-groundnut intercrop advantage.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of sheep/goat manure in the mixture exhibited greater intercrop advantage”
e1“intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sheep/goat manure raised gross monetary return by 13.76% relative to swine manure.
- Treatment
- sheep/goat manuree0
- Outcome
- gross monetary returne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 13.76%e0
- Comparator
- swine manure applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sheep/goat manure gave higher gross monetary return, % land saved and total land equivalent ratio, which was higher by 13.76%, 7.50% and 4.79 %, respectively relative to swine manure application”
e1“intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sheep/goat manure raised land saved by 7.50% relative to swine manure.
- Taxon
- groundnutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- sheep/goat manuree0
- Outcome
- % land savede0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 7.50%e0
- Comparator
- swine manure applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sheep/goat manure gave higher gross monetary return, % land saved and total land equivalent ratio, which was higher by 13.76%, 7.50% and 4.79 %, respectively relative to swine manure application”
e1“intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sheep/goat manure raised total land equivalent ratio by 4.79% relative to swine manure.
- Treatment
- sheep/goat manuree0
- Outcome
- total land equivalent ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 4.79 %e0
- Comparator
- swine manure applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sheep/goat manure gave higher gross monetary return, % land saved and total land equivalent ratio, which was higher by 13.76%, 7.50% and 4.79 %, respectively relative to swine manure application”
e1“intercropped maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend sheep/goat manure for maize-groundnut intercropping.
- Outcome
- sheep/goat manure application should be encouragede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sheep/goat manure application should be encouraged in maize-groundnut intercrop”
e1“maize (Zea mays L.) and groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · growth · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
181 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
200 papers more in this group
See all 204 papers →fertilization · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
634 papers in the same direction as this paper · 44 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
679 papers more in this group
See all 683 papers →fertilization · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1,195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 149 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
1,361 papers more in this group
See all 1,365 papers →fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
3,904 papers more in this group
See all 3,908 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.