Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the effects of broad spectrum during the whole seedling period and photon flux density (PFD) in the healing stage on the growth and energy use efficiency of grafted tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) transplants in a plant factory. Fluorescent lights, white LED lights, and white plus red LED lights were applied at the growth processes of grafted tomato transplants from germination of rootstock and scion to post-grafting. Three levels of PFD (50, 100, 150 μmol m−2 s−1) were set in the healing stage under each kind of light quality. The results indicated that the growth and quality of grafted tomato transplants under different broad spectrums were influenced by the ratio of red to blue light (R/B ratio) and the ratio of red to far-red light (R/FR ratio). A higher R/B ratio was beneficial to total dry matter accumulation, but excessive red light had a negative effect on the root to shoot ratio and the seedling quality index. The higher blue light and R/FR ratio suppressed stem extension synergistically. The LED lights had good abilities to promote plant compactness and leaf thickness in comparison with fluorescent lights. The plant compactness and leaf thickness increased with the increase in daily light integral in the healing stage within a range from 2.5 to 7.5 mol m−2 d−1 (PFD, 50 to 150 μmol m−2 s−1). Compared to fluorescent lights, the LED lights showed more than 110% electrical energy saving for lighting during the whole seedling period. Higher PFD in the healing stage did not significantly increase the consumption of electric power for lighting. White plus red LED lights with an R/B ratio of 1.2 and R/FR ratio of 16 were suggested to replace fluorescent lights for grafted tomato transplants production considering the high quality of transplants and electrical energy saving, and PFD in the healing stage was recommended to be set to 150 μmol m−2 s−1.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Higher red-to-blue ratio benefited dry matter accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- higher R/B ratioe0
- Outcome
- total dry matter accumulatione0
- Direction
- beneficiale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher R/B ratio was beneficial to total dry matter accumulation”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess red light reduced root-to-shoot ratio and seedling quality index.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- excessive red lighte0
- Outcome
- root to shoot ratio and the seedling quality indexe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“excessive red light had a negative effect on the root to shoot ratio and the seedling quality index”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher blue light and R/FR ratio suppressed stem extension.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- higher blue light and R/FR ratioe0
- Outcome
- stem extensione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher blue light and R/FR ratio suppressed stem extension synergistically”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
LED lighting promoted compactness and leaf thickness versus fluorescent lighting.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- LED lightse0
- Outcome
- plant compactness and leaf thicknesse0
- Direction
- promotee0
- Comparator
- fluorescent lightse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The LED lights had good abilities to promote plant compactness and leaf thickness in comparison with fluorescent lights”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Compactness and leaf thickness increased with daily light integral during healing.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- healing stagee0
- Treatment
- daily light integrale0
- Outcome
- plant compactness and leaf thicknesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 2.5 to 7.5 mol m−2 d−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant compactness and leaf thickness increased with the increase in daily light integral in the healing stage within a range from 2.5 to 7.5 mol m−2 d−1”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
LED lighting saved more than 110% electrical energy versus fluorescent lighting.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- LED lightse0
- Outcome
- electrical energy savinge0
- Direction
- savinge0
- Value
- more than 110%e0
- Comparator
- fluorescent lightse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to fluorescent lights, the LED lights showed more than 110% electrical energy saving for lighting during the whole seedling period”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher healing-stage PFD did not significantly increase lighting power consumption.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Higher PFDe0
- Outcome
- consumption of electric power for lightinge0
- Direction
- did not significantly increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher PFD in the healing stage did not significantly increase the consumption of electric power for lighting”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend white plus red LEDs for grafted tomato production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- White plus red LED lights with an R/B ratio of 1.2 and R/FR ratio of 16e0
- Outcome
- replace fluorescent lights for grafted tomato transplants productione0
- Comparator
- fluorescent lightse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“White plus red LED lights with an R/B ratio of 1.2 and R/FR ratio of 16 were suggested to replace fluorescent lights for grafted tomato transplants production”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend a healing-stage PFD of 150 μmol m−2 s−1.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- PFD in the healing stage was recommended to be set to 150 μmol m−2 s−1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PFD in the healing stage was recommended to be set to 150 μmol m−2 s−1”
t0“Tomato”
The same questions in other papers
light · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →light · quality: general · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →light · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
222 papers more in this group
See all 226 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.