Abstract
In vegetable production, Chinese cabbage can readily accumulate cadmium (Cd) into its edible parts and exceed food safety standards. However, there are still some ecotypes that respond differently to cadmium stress. This study aimed to investigate the differences of Cd-induced (0, 10, 50, 100, 200 µM) response under hydroponic culture between two Chinese cabbage ecotypes which were promoted in northeastern China from the characteristics of biomass, uptake kinetic, accumulation, and initial oxidative stress. In this paper, it was confirmed that Jinfeng (JF) was a Cd-tolerant cultivar and had low Cd accumulation in edible part, while Qiutian (QT) was Cd-sensitive, exhibiting a faster Cd uptake rate but lacking effective Cd detoxication mechanisms, and was severely damaged by 10 µM Cd treatment. Conversely, even at a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition, lower root Cd affinity, more difficult root-to-leaf translocation, and stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian. In conclusion, Jinfeng can endure mild Cd stress (<10 µM), and Qiutian can be used as a Cd indicator. This study provides reliable materials and related data support for vegetable production in areas with mild Cd pollution.Novelty statement: This work further investigates the unique features of low-Cd accumulator in Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings as an interesting material for vegetable production in areas with mild Cd pollution. It also explains the differences between Cd-tolerant and Cd-sensitive cultivars under different cadmium stress levels and how these differences can alter their response. With the increase of Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars compared to Cd-sensitive cultivars showed less biomass decrease, lower accumulation, lower TF, more chemically stable Cd in roots and more active antioxidant enzymes under the same Cd stress level. With the development of seedlings, the uptake of Cd in roots and the translocation to the leaves were effectively restricted by the poor Cd affinity of roots, the conversion of Cd chemical forms and the promotion of antioxidase activities, in a Cd-tolerant low accumulator, Jinfeng.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Jinfeng, a Cd-tolerant cultivar, had low Cd accumulation in its edible part under hydroponic culture.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0 - Material
- Jinfenge1
- Outcome
- Cd accumulation in edible parte1
- Setting
- hydroponic culturee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e1“Jinfeng (JF) was a Cd-tolerant cultivar and had low Cd accumulation in edible part”
e2“under hydroponic culture”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiutian, a Cd-sensitive cultivar, was severely damaged by a 10 µM Cd treatment.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Qiutiane2
- Treatment
- 10 µM Cd treatmente2
- Outcome
- severely damagede2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e2“Qiutian (QT) was Cd-sensitive, exhibiting a faster Cd uptake rate but lacking effective Cd detoxication mechanisms, and was severely damaged by 10 µM Cd treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiutian had a faster Cd uptake rate.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Qiutiane2
- Outcome
- Cd uptake ratee2
- Direction
- fastere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e2“Qiutian (QT) was Cd-sensitive, exhibiting a faster Cd uptake rate but lacking effective Cd detoxication mechanisms, and was severely damaged by 10 µM Cd treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiutian lacked effective Cd detoxication mechanisms.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Qiutiane2
- Outcome
- effective Cd detoxication mechanismse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e2“Qiutian (QT) was Cd-sensitive, exhibiting a faster Cd uptake rate but lacking effective Cd detoxication mechanisms, and was severely damaged by 10 µM Cd treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
At a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition than Qiutian.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge3
- Treatment
- high Cd concentration of 200 µMe3
- Outcome
- biomass inhibitione3
- Direction
- weakere3
- Comparator
- Qiutiane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e3“even at a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition, lower root Cd affinity, more difficult root-to-leaf translocation, and stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 µM Cd, Jinfeng had lower root Cd affinity than Qiutian.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge3
- Treatment
- high Cd concentration of 200 µMe3
- Outcome
- root Cd affinitye3
- Direction
- lowere3
- Comparator
- Qiutiane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e3“even at a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition, lower root Cd affinity, more difficult root-to-leaf translocation, and stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 µM Cd, root-to-leaf translocation of Cd was more difficult in Jinfeng than in Qiutian.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge3
- Treatment
- high Cd concentration of 200 µMe3
- Outcome
- root-to-leaf translocatione3
- Direction
- more difficulte3
- Comparator
- Qiutiane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e3“even at a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition, lower root Cd affinity, more difficult root-to-leaf translocation, and stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 µM Cd, Jinfeng had stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge3
- Treatment
- high Cd concentration of 200 µMe3
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activitye3
- Direction
- strongere3
- Comparator
- Qiutiane3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e3“even at a high Cd concentration of 200 µM, Jinfeng had weaker biomass inhibition, lower root Cd affinity, more difficult root-to-leaf translocation, and stronger antioxidant enzyme activity than Qiutian”
Claim · model-written summary
Qiutian can be used as a Cd indicator.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Qiutiane4
- Outcome
- be used as a Cd indicatore4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e4“Jinfeng can endure mild Cd stress (<10 µM), and Qiutian can be used as a Cd indicator”
Claim · model-written summary
Jinfeng can endure mild Cd stress (<10 µM).
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge4
- Treatment
- mild Cd stress (<10 µM)e4
- Outcome
- endure mild Cd stresse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e4“Jinfeng can endure mild Cd stress (<10 µM), and Qiutian can be used as a Cd indicator”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars had lower Cd accumulation than Cd-sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Cd-tolerant cultivarse5
- Treatment
- increase of Cd concentratione5
- Outcome
- accumulatione5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Comparator
- Cd-sensitive cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e5“With the increase of Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars compared to Cd-sensitive cultivars showed less biomass decrease, lower accumulation, lower TF, more chemically stable Cd in roots and more active antioxidant enzymes under the same Cd stress level”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars had lower translocation factor (TF) than Cd-sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Cd-tolerant cultivarse5
- Treatment
- increase of Cd concentratione5
- Outcome
- TFe5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Comparator
- Cd-sensitive cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e5“With the increase of Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars compared to Cd-sensitive cultivars showed less biomass decrease, lower accumulation, lower TF, more chemically stable Cd in roots and more active antioxidant enzymes under the same Cd stress level”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars showed less biomass decrease than Cd-sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Cd-tolerant cultivarse5
- Treatment
- increase of Cd concentratione5
- Outcome
- biomass decreasee5
- Direction
- lesse5
- Comparator
- Cd-sensitive cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e5“With the increase of Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars compared to Cd-sensitive cultivars showed less biomass decrease, lower accumulation, lower TF, more chemically stable Cd in roots and more active antioxidant enzymes under the same Cd stress level”
Claim · model-written summary
With increasing Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars had more chemically stable Cd in roots than Cd-sensitive cultivars.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Cd-tolerant cultivarse5
- Organ / stage
- rootse5
- Treatment
- increase of Cd concentratione5
- Outcome
- chemically stable Cd in rootse5
- Direction
- moree5
- Comparator
- Cd-sensitive cultivarse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e5“With the increase of Cd concentration, Cd-tolerant cultivars compared to Cd-sensitive cultivars showed less biomass decrease, lower accumulation, lower TF, more chemically stable Cd in roots and more active antioxidant enzymes under the same Cd stress level”
Claim · model-written summary
Uptake of Cd in roots and its translocation to leaves are restricted in Jinfeng by poor root Cd affinity, conversion of Cd chemical forms and promoted antioxidase activity.
- Taxon
- Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Material
- Jinfenge6
- Outcome
- uptake of Cd in rootse6
- Qualifier
- the poor Cd affinity of rootse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cadmium-induced phytotoxicity and tolerance response in the low-Cd accumulator of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis L.) seedlings”
e6“With the development of seedlings, the uptake of Cd in roots and the translocation to the leaves were effectively restricted by the poor Cd affinity of roots, the conversion of Cd chemical forms and the promotion of antioxidase activities, in a Cd-tolerant low accumulator, Jinfeng”
The same questions in other papers
cadmium atom · nutrient: content · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.