Abstract
ABSTRACT Silicon is an inducer of plant resistance to arthropod pests, being a promising strategy for integrated management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silicon on biological, reproductive and population aspects of parental and F1 generations of the two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants. Potassium silicate, nanosilica and water were applied to the plants. Two-spotted spider mite females were confined to strawberry leaf disks for oviposition and, after hatching, larvae were observed until the emergence of adults. Once adults had been obtained, couples were formed in order to evaluate pre-oviposition, oviposition, longevity and fertility, with an estimated net reproduction rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and the necessary time for doubling the generation. Silicon prolonged the duration of some immature stages of the mites in parental and F1 generations, did not affect the duration of the whole biological cycle, though. The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generation and the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica. The population parameters of the parental generation of the mites indicated that nanosilica is able to lead to a long-run decrease of this pest population.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon extended some immature mite stages in parental and F1 generations.
- Taxon
- strawberry plants
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- Silicone0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee1pest
- Outcome
- duration of some immature stages of the mitese0
- Direction
- prolongede0
- Qualifier
- parental and F1 generationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Silicon prolonged the duration of some immature stages of the mites in parental and F1 generations”
t0“strawberry plants”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon did not alter the duration of the whole mite biological cycle.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae2
- Treatment
- Silicone1
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee2pest
- Outcome
- duration of the whole biological cyclee0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“did not affect the duration of the whole biological cycle”
e1“Silicon prolonged the duration of some immature stages of the mites in parental and F1 generations”
e2“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium silicate negatively affected parental mite pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee0pest
- Outcome
- pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generatione0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generation and the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanosilica negatively affected parental mite pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- nanosilicae0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee0pest
- Outcome
- pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generatione0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generation and the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium silicate negatively affected F1 mite longevity and oviposition.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- potassium silicatee0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee0pest
- Outcome
- longevity and oviposition of F1 generatione0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanosilica negatively affected F1 mite longevity and oviposition.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- nanosilicae0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee0pest
- Outcome
- longevity and oviposition of F1 generatione0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Parental-generation population parameters suggest nanosilica can lower mite populations over the long run.
- Taxon
- strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassae1
- Treatment
- nanosilicae0
- Interactor
- two-spotted spider mitee1pest
- Outcome
- this pest populatione0
- Direction
- long-run decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The population parameters of the parental generation of the mites indicated that nanosilica is able to lead to a long-run decrease of this pest population”
e1“two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · pest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
nanoparticle · pest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
potassium · pest · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.