Abstract
The perception of thigmic stimuli is a widespread phenomenon among plants with decisive meaning for the ability to survive. Beside a general sensitivity for mechanical stimuli many plants have evolved specialized organs with highly developed mechanisms to perceive and transduce the applied forces. Tendrils of Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen to study the effects of mechanical stimulation on plant physiology. Both types of tendrils, although exhibiting different morphology, respond to such a stimulus with a rapid coiling response to the dorsal side of the organ within minutes. The actual perception of the stimulus is most likely coupled to the cytoskeleton serving as the mediator between the physical stimulus and the biochemical response. Drugs affecting the status of the cytoskeleton were used to get more insights into this specific process. The results indicate that microtubuli (MT) play the most important role in the perception of thigmic stimuli in tendrils. Colchicine-mediated disruption of MT lead to total inhibition of the response to the thigmic stimulus in tendrils of Pisum and to a reduced response in Bryonia. Alamethicin, an ionophore that can mimic action potentials in membranes, was able to bypass this inhibition suggesting a direct involvement of MT in depolarization of the membranes. Auxin, however, which is also supposed to be involved in the regulation of the coiling response, failed to bypass colchicine-dependent inhibition. Vinblastine, another microtubule depolimerizing agent, did induce tendril coiling in Pisum without further stimulation. Application of taxol and other MT-stabilizing drugs as well as disruption of the actin network did not affect the coiling response of tendrils. In Pisum indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is induced after mechanical stimulation during the coiling response, but not jasmonic acid. A further consequence of mechanical stimulation is the induction of an oxidative burst and an increase in soluble sugar. A model is presented integrating these results and might serve as a common basis for the understanding of the perception of mechanical stimuli.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Both tendril types coiled rapidly to their dorsal side after stimulation.
- Taxon
- Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum
Bryonia cretica subsp. dioica
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Organ / stage
- tendrilse0
- Treatment
- mechanical stimulatione0
- Outcome
- rapid coiling response to the dorsal side of the organe0
- Direction
- rapide0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tendrils of Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen to study the effects of mechanical stimulation on plant physiology. Both types of tendrils, although exhibiting different morphology, respond to such a stimulus with a rapid coiling response to the dorsal side of the organ within minutes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine eliminated Pisum tendril response.
- Organ / stage
- tendrilse0
- Treatment
- Colchicine-mediated disruption of MTe0
- Outcome
- response to the thigmic stimuluse0
- Direction
- total inhibitione0
LathyrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine-mediated disruption of MT lead to total inhibition of the response to the thigmic stimulus in tendrils of Pisum”
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine reduced Bryonia tendril response.
_Plant.JPG?width=60){kind=small}
BryoniaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Plant.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine-mediated disruption of MT lead to total inhibition of the response to the thigmic stimulus in tendrils of Pisum and to a reduced response in Bryonia”
Claim · model-written summary
Alamethicin bypassed colchicine inhibition.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Alamethicine0
- Outcome
- inhibitione0
- Direction
- bypasse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Alamethicin, an ionophore that can mimic action potentials in membranes, was able to bypass this inhibition suggesting a direct involvement of MT in depolarization of the membranes”
t0“Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen”
Claim · model-written summary
Auxin failed to bypass colchicine inhibition.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- Auxine0
- Outcome
- colchicine-dependent inhibitione0
- Direction
- failed to bypasse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Auxin, however, which is also supposed to be involved in the regulation of the coiling response, failed to bypass colchicine-dependent inhibition”
t0“Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen”
Claim · model-written summary
Vinblastine induced Pisum coiling without additional stimulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Vinblastine, another microtubule depolimerizing agent, did induce tendril coiling in Pisum without further stimulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Taxol and other microtubule stabilizers did not alter coiling.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- taxol and other MT-stabilizing drugse0
- Outcome
- coiling response of tendrilse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of taxol and other MT-stabilizing drugs as well as disruption of the actin network did not affect the coiling response of tendrils”
t0“Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen”
Claim · model-written summary
Actin disruption did not alter coiling.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- disruption of the actin networke0
- Outcome
- coiling response of tendrilse0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of taxol and other MT-stabilizing drugs as well as disruption of the actin network did not affect the coiling response of tendrils”
t0“Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stimulation induced IAA but not jasmonic acid in Pisum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Pisum indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is induced after mechanical stimulation during the coiling response, but not jasmonic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stimulation did not induce jasmonic acid in Pisum.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Pisum indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is induced after mechanical stimulation during the coiling response, but not jasmonic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Mechanical stimulation induced an oxidative burst and increased soluble sugar.
- Taxon
- Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- mechanical stimulatione0
- Outcome
- oxidative burst and an increase in soluble sugare0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A further consequence of mechanical stimulation is the induction of an oxidative burst and an increase in soluble sugar”
t0“Bryonia dioica and Pisum sativum have been chosen”
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