Abstract
Plant growth-promoting fungi belonging to genus Trichoderma are known to help plants when dealing with biotic stressors by enhancing plant defenses. While beneficial effects of Trichoderma spp. against plant pathogens have long been documented, fewer studies have investigated their effect on insect pests. Here, we studied the impact of Trichoderma root colonization on the plant defense responses against stink bug feeding attack. For this purpose, a model system consisting of tomato plant, Solanum lycopersicum cv Dwarf San Marzano, Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 and the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula, was used. We firstly determined stink bug performance in terms of relative growth rate and survival on tomato plants inoculated by T. harzianum T22. Then, we evaluated relative expression of plant defense-related genes on inoculated plants induced by stink bug feeding. We found evidence that T. harzianum T22 affects tomato defense responses against N. viridula nymphs leading to reduction of growth rate. Our results also showed that T. harzianum T22 enhances plant direct defenses by an early increase of transcript levels of jasmonic acid marker genes. Yet this effect was time-dependent and only detected 8 h after herbivore induction. Taken together, our findings provide better understanding on the mechanisms underlying tomato induced resistance against herbivorous stink bugs.
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Claims 2
Claim · model-written summary
T22 colonization reduced N. viridula nymph growth rate on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- T. harzianum T22e0
- Interactor
- N. viridula
Nezara viridulae0pest - Second interactor
- T. harzianum T22
Trichoderma harzianume0symbiont - Outcome
- N. viridula nymphs leading to reduction of growth ratee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. harzianum T22 affects tomato defense responses against N. viridula nymphs leading to reduction of growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
T22 enhanced direct defenses through an early rise in jasmonic acid marker gene transcripts after herbivore induction.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- T. harzianum T22e0
- Interactor
- T. harzianum T22Trichoderma harzianume0symbiont
- Gene
- jasmonic acid marker genese0
- Outcome
- transcript levels of jasmonic acid marker genese0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Qualifier
- only detected 8 h after herbivore inductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. harzianum T22 enhances plant direct defenses by an early increase of transcript levels of jasmonic acid marker genes. Yet this effect was time-dependent and only detected 8 h after herbivore induction”
t0“Tomato”
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Trichoderma harzianum · molecular: expression · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 8 papers →Trichoderma harzianum · Nezara viridula · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.