Paper · 2021 · Sustainability

Effect of Fertilization with Urea and Inhibitors on Growth, Yield and CBD Concentration of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Ioanna Kakabouki; Angeliki Kousta; Antigolena Folina; et al.

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
29
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted during 2019 in two different locations in Greece (Athens and Farsala) to evaluate the effect of urea and urea fertilization with inhibitors on the agronomic yield and quality characteristics of two cannabis varieties (Cannabis sativa L.), “Uso31”and “Fedora 17”. The experimental design was split-plot with four different fertilization treatments—control, Urea (U), urea with Urease Inhibitor (UI), and urea with Nitrification Inhibitor (NI) and urease inhibitor (UI). The significance of differences between treatments was estimated by using Tukey’s test with a significance level of p = 0.05. The plant height was significantly affected by the different fertilizations and different varieties as well as by the two locations. The maximum plant height was 197 cm for “Fedora 17”in Farsala. The seed yield was higher forthe urea with inhibitors treatment in both varieties. The Cannabidiol (CBD) content was significantly affected by the fertilization—it was higher in urea with inhibitors in “Uso31”and “Fedora 17” treatments. The lowest CBD content value was 1.29% (control) and the highest was 1.69% (urea NI + UI). In conclusion, in both varieties, it seems that urea with inhibitors has a positive effect on their growth, as well as on the increase in cannabidiol (CBD) content.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant height differed significantly among fertilizations, varieties and locations.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Treatment
different fertilizationse0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Comparator
different varietiese0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The plant height was significantly affected by the different fertilizations and different varieties as well as by the two locations.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 628–760 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The maximum plant height was 197 cm for Fedora 17 in Farsala.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Material
Fedora 17e0
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
maximume0
Value
197 cme0
Setting
Farsalae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The maximum plant height was 197 cm for “Fedora 17”in Farsala.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 761–823 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seed yield was higher under urea with inhibitors in both varieties.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Treatment
urea with inhibitorse0
Outcome
seed yielde0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The seed yield was higher forthe urea with inhibitors treatment in both varieties.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 824–906 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

CBD content was significantly higher under urea with inhibitors in Uso31.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Material
Uso31e0
Treatment
urea with inhibitorse0
Outcome
Cannabidiol (CBD) contente0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The Cannabidiol (CBD) content was significantly affected by the fertilization—it was higher in urea with inhibitors in “Uso31”and “Fedora 17” treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 907–1060 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

CBD content was significantly higher under urea with inhibitors in Fedora 17.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Material
Fedora 17e0
Treatment
urea with inhibitorse0
Outcome
Cannabidiol (CBD) contente0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The Cannabidiol (CBD) content was significantly affected by the fertilization—it was higher in urea with inhibitors in “Uso31”and “Fedora 17” treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 907–1060 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The lowest CBD content was 1.29% in control plants.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Treatment
controle0
Outcome
CBD contente0
Direction
loweste0
Value
1.29%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The lowest CBD content value was 1.29% (control)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1061–1109 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest CBD content was 1.69% with urea NI + UI.

Taxon
Cannabis sativa L.Cannabis sativat0
Treatment
urea NI + UIe0
Outcome
CBD contente0
Direction
higheste0
Value
1.69%e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa · TaxonThayne Tuason · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The lowest CBD content value was 1.29% (control) and the highest was 1.69% (urea NI + UI)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1061–1150 · show in text ↑
t0

“Cannabis sativa L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 97–115 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · molecular: metabolites · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results

5 papers: 3 positive, 2 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

nitrogen · yield · Cannabis sativaPositive and negative results

16 papers: 15 positive, 1 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.