Abstract
The stems of bioenergy sorghum hybrids at harvest are > 4 m long, contain > 40 internodes and account for ~ 80% of harvested biomass. In this study, bioenergy sorghum hybrids were grown at four planting densities (~ 20,000 to 132,000 plants/ha) under field conditions for 60 days to investigate the impact shading has on stem growth and biomass accumulation. Increased planting density induced a > 2-fold increase in sorghum internode length and a ~ 22% decrease in stem diameter, a typical shade avoidance response. Shade-induced internode elongation was due to an increase in cell length and number of cells spanning the length of internodes. SbGA3ox2 (Sobic.003G045900), a gene encoding the last step in GA biosynthesis, was expressed ~ 20-fold higher in leaf collar tissue of developing phytomers in plants grown at high vs. low density. Application of GA3 to bioenergy sorghum increased plant height, stem internode length, cell length and the number of cells spanning internodes. Prior research showed that sorghum plants lacking phytochrome B, a key photoreceptor involved in shade signaling, accumulated more GA1 and displayed shade avoidance phenotypes. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that increasing planting density induces expression of GA3-oxidase in leaf collar tissue, increasing synthesis of GA that stimulates internode elongation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Harvested sorghum stems exceeded 4 m, had over 40 internodes and comprised about 80% of biomass.
Verbatim
e0“The stems of bioenergy sorghum hybrids at harvest are > 4 m long, contain > 40 internodes and account for ~ 80% of harvested biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater planting density increased internode length by more than twofold.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased planting density induced a > 2-fold increase in sorghum internode length”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater planting density decreased stem diameter by about 22%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased planting density induced a > 2-fold increase in sorghum internode length and a ~ 22% decrease in stem diameter”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade-induced internode elongation involved greater cell length.
Verbatim
e0“Shade-induced internode elongation was due to an increase in cell length and number of cells spanning the length of internodes”
t0“bioenergy sorghum”
t1“bioenergy sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade-induced internode elongation involved more cells along internodes.
Verbatim
e0“Shade-induced internode elongation was due to an increase in cell length and number of cells spanning the length of internodes”
t0“bioenergy sorghum”
t1“bioenergy sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
SbGA3ox2 expression was about 20-fold higher at high than low density.
Verbatim
e0“SbGA3ox2 (Sobic.003G045900), a gene encoding the last step in GA biosynthesis, was expressed ~ 20-fold higher in leaf collar tissue of developing phytomers in plants grown at high vs. low density”
t0“bioenergy sorghum”
t1“bioenergy sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 application increased plant height and stem internode length.
- Taxon
- bioenergy sorghume0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- plant height, stem internode lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 to bioenergy sorghum increased plant height, stem internode length, cell length and the number of cells spanning internodes”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 application increased cell length and the number of cells along internodes.
- Taxon
- bioenergy sorghume0
- Treatment
- GA3e0
- Outcome
- cell length and the number of cells spanning internodese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Application of GA3 to bioenergy sorghum increased plant height, stem internode length, cell length and the number of cells spanning internodes”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose that density-induced GA3-oxidase expression raises GA synthesis and stimulates internode elongation.
Verbatim
e0“increasing planting density induces expression of GA3-oxidase in leaf collar tissue, increasing synthesis of GA that stimulates internode elongation”
t0“bioenergy sorghum”
t1“bioenergy sorghum”
The same questions in other papers
density · growth · SorghumPositive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
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See all 34 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.