Abstract
The paper presents the results of a study on the use of soda production sludge (SPS) as a lime soil conditioner. SPS with a less than 0.1 mm fraction is the most suitable in terms of physical, chemical, and toxicological properties and meets the requirements of GOST-14050-93 «Limestone (dolomite) dust. Specifications» on the content of the active substance, the mass fraction of calcium and magnesium carbonates. Reclamative properties of SPS were studied on soil samples taken in the territory removed from the sanitary protection zone of the oil refinery. It was found that all soil samples have a phytotoxic effect on pea seedlings. The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas, and also increases the germination energy of oat and pea seeds in the initial soil samples by 2÷10 times. The introduction of SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kg stimulates the development of colonies of Azotobacter bacteria and leads to an increase in the total number of soil microorganisms. The introduction of SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soil leads to a slight increase in the environment reaction and an increase in the content of water-soluble salts in the soil up to 2 times. In view of this, it is necessary to control that the content of water-soluble salts does not exceed the established standards. Based on the results obtained, we consider it expedient to use soda production sludge as a lime soil conditioner and for the reclamation of industry-disturbed soils.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
All sampled soils had a phytotoxic effect on pea seedlings.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Outcome
- phytotoxic effect on pea seedlingse0
- Setting
- soil samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all soil samples have a phytotoxic effect on pea seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Soda production sludge stimulated development of oat shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- oats
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soile0
- Outcome
- development of the ground part and rootse0
- Direction
- stimulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Soda production sludge stimulated development of pea shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- peasLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soile0
- Outcome
- development of the ground part and rootse0
- Direction
- stimulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased oat seed germination energy by 2÷10 times.
- Taxon
- oatAvena sativae0
- Treatment
- SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soile0
- Outcome
- germination energy of oate0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2÷10 timese0
- Comparator
- initial soil samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas, and also increases the germination energy of oat and pea seeds in the initial soil samples by 2÷10 times.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased pea seed germination energy by 2÷10 times.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Treatment
- SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soile0
- Outcome
- germination energy of oat and pea seedse0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 2÷10 timese0
- Comparator
- initial soil samplese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in amount of 1-3 g per kg of soil stimulates the development of the ground part and roots of oats and peas, and also increases the germination energy of oat and pea seeds in the initial soil samples by 2÷10 times.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge stimulated Azotobacter colony development.
- Taxon
- oatsAvena sativae1
- Treatment
- SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kge0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0other - Outcome
- development of colonies of Azotobacter bacteriae0
- Direction
- stimulatese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kg stimulates the development of colonies of Azotobacter bacteria”
e1“roots of oats and peas”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased the total number of soil microorganisms.
- Treatment
- SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kge0
- Outcome
- total number of soil microorganismse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS into the samples of the studied soils at a dose of 1-3 g/kg stimulates the development of colonies of Azotobacter bacteria and leads to an increase in the total number of soil microorganisms.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge slightly increased soil reaction.
- Treatment
- SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soile0
- Outcome
- environment reactione0
- Direction
- slight increasee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soil leads to a slight increase in the environment reaction and an increase in the content of water-soluble salts in the soil up to 2 times.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sludge increased soil water-soluble salts up to twofold.
- Treatment
- SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soile0
- Outcome
- content of water-soluble salts in the soile0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 2 timese0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The introduction of SPS in an amount of 3 g per kilo of soil leads to a slight increase in the environment reaction and an increase in the content of water-soluble salts in the soil up to 2 times.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend sludge as a lime soil conditioner for reclamation of industry-disturbed soils.
- Outcome
- use soda production sludge as a lime soil conditioner and for the reclamation of industry-disturbed soilse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“we consider it expedient to use soda production sludge as a lime soil conditioner and for the reclamation of industry-disturbed soils”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.