Abstract
Plasmopara viticola, the causal organism of grapevine downy mildew, secretes a vast array of effectors to manipulate host immunity. Previously, several cell death-inducing PvRXLR effectors have been identified, but their functions and host targets are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of PvRXLR111, a cell death-inducing RXLR effector, in manipulating plant immunity. When coexpressed with other PvRXLR effectors, PvRXLR111-induced cell death was prevented. Transient expression of PvRXLR111 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed bacterial flagellin peptide flg22-elicited immune responses and enhanced Phytophthora capsici infection. PvRXLR111 induction in Arabidopsis increased susceptibility to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis. PvRXLR111 expression in Pseudomonas syringae promoted bacterial colonization. By immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis, yeast two-hybrid, pull-down, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, it was shown that PvRXLR111 interacted with Vitis vinifera putative WRKY transcription factor 40 (VvWRKY40), which increased VvWRKY40 stability. Transient expression of VvWRKY40 in N. benthamiana inhibited flg22-induced reactive oxygen species burst and enhanced P. capsici infection and silencing NbWRKY40 attenuated P. capsici colonization. These results suggest VvWRKY40 functions as a negative regulator in plant immunity and that PvRXLR111 suppresses host immunity by stabilizing VvWRKY40.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Coexpression with other PvRXLR effectors prevented cell death induced by PvRXLR111.
- Treatment
- coexpressed with other PvRXLR effectorse0
- Gene
- PvRXLR111e0
- Outcome
- PvRXLR111-induced cell deathe0
- Direction
- preventede0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When coexpressed with other PvRXLR effectors, PvRXLR111-induced cell death was prevented.”
e1“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
PvRXLR111 transient expression suppressed flg22-elicited immune responses in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Treatment
- Transient expression of PvRXLR111e0
- Gene
- PvRXLR111e0
- Outcome
- bacterial flagellin peptide flg22-elicited immune responsese0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of PvRXLR111 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed bacterial flagellin peptide flg22-elicited immune responses”
Claim · model-written summary
PvRXLR111 transient expression enhanced Phytophthora capsici infection in Nicotiana benthamiana.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of PvRXLR111e0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora capsici
.jpg?width=60)
Phytophthora capsicie0pathogen - Gene
- PvRXLR111e0
- Outcome
- Phytophthora capsici infectione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of PvRXLR111 in Nicotiana benthamiana suppressed bacterial flagellin peptide flg22-elicited immune responses and enhanced Phytophthora capsici infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
PvRXLR111 induction increased Arabidopsis susceptibility to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- PvRXLR111 inductione0
- Interactor
- Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis
Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidise0pathogen - Gene
- PvRXLR111e0
- Outcome
- susceptibility to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PvRXLR111 induction in Arabidopsis increased susceptibility to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis.”
Claim · model-written summary
PvRXLR111 expression in Pseudomonas syringae promoted bacterial colonization.
- Treatment
- PvRXLR111 expressione0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas syringae
Pseudomonas syringaee0pathogen - Gene
- PvRXLR111e0
- Outcome
- bacterial colonizatione0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PvRXLR111 expression in Pseudomonas syringae promoted bacterial colonization.”
e1“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
PvRXLR111 interacted with VvWRKY40 and increased its stability.
- Taxon
- Vitis vinifera
Vitis viniferae0 - Gene
- VvWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- VvWRKY40 stabilitye0
- Qualifier
- PvRXLR111 interactede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PvRXLR111 interacted with Vitis vinifera putative WRKY transcription factor 40 (VvWRKY40), which increased VvWRKY40 stability.”
Claim · model-written summary
VvWRKY40 expression inhibited flg22-induced reactive oxygen species burst in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of VvWRKY40e0
- Gene
- VvWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- flg22-induced reactive oxygen species burste0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of VvWRKY40 in N. benthamiana inhibited flg22-induced reactive oxygen species burst”
Claim · model-written summary
VvWRKY40 expression enhanced P. capsici infection in N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of VvWRKY40e0
- Interactor
- P. capsicie0pathogen
- Gene
- VvWRKY40e0
- Outcome
- P. capsici infectione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of VvWRKY40 in N. benthamiana inhibited flg22-induced reactive oxygen species burst and enhanced P. capsici infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that VvWRKY40 negatively regulates plant immunity.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These results suggest VvWRKY40 functions as a negative regulator in plant immunity”
e1“grapevine downy mildew”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that PvRXLR111 suppresses host immunity by stabilizing VvWRKY40.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PvRXLR111 suppresses host immunity by stabilizing VvWRKY40.”
e1“grapevine downy mildew”
The same questions in other papers
transgenic · Phytophthora capsici · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
10 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →transgenic · physiology: oxidative · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
17 papers more in this group
See all 21 papers →transgenic · disease · Nicotiana benthamianaPositive and negative results
26 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
49 papers more in this group
See all 53 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.