Abstract
AFIELD experiment was carried out through two successive ……seasons of 2012 and 2013 on 8- years- old Crimson Seedless vine grown at 2.5 x 1.5 m apart in clay soil under drip irrigation system in a private vineyard located in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom (80 % calyptra fall) to evaluate the effect of GA3 as a thinning agent instead of hand thinning. The obtained results markedly reveal that number of berries /bunch, bunch weight, yield/ vine, bunch compactness and berry compression force were significantly reduced with increasing GA 3 concentration. As an average of both seasons, number of berries/ bunch was decreased by 43.92, 62.44, 69.98 and 80.22 % as a result of spraying vines with GA3 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively in comparison with the control treatment. The corresponding reduction percentage in yield/ vine was 33.77, 54.25, 61.75 and 70.9 %, respectively. In contrast, weight of 100 berries, berry removal force were obviously increased with increasing GA3 concentrations in both seasons, due, mainly, to increasing thinning level. Total soluble solid percentage (TSS%) and TSS/acid ratio were significantly increased as a result of GA 3 spraying treatments without significant differences between the tested concentrations in most cases, whereas total acidity percentages were reduced as compared with unsprayed vines in both seasons. The obtained result of this study reveal that spraying GA 3 at 0.5 mg/l at full bloom was the optimum treatment for Crimson Seedless berry thinning, since this treatment obviously improved bunch and berry physical and chemical characteristics, as well as packable yield of tested table grape cv. without higher reduction in number of berries/ bunch, as well as yield and bunch weights as compared with the other tested GA3 concentrations and control.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 reduced berries per bunch as concentration increased.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“number of berries /bunch, bunch weight, yield/ vine, bunch compactness and berry compression force were significantly reduced with increasing GA 3 concentration.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 reduced bunch weight, yield, compactness and compression force with increasing concentration.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- GA 3 concentratione0
- Outcome
- bunch weight, yield/ vine, bunch compactness and berry compression forcee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“number of berries /bunch, bunch weight, yield/ vine, bunch compactness and berry compression force were significantly reduced with increasing GA 3 concentration.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 0.5 mg/l reduced berries per bunch by 43.92%.
Verbatim
e0“number of berries/ bunch was decreased by 43.92, 62.44, 69.98 and 80.22 % as a result of spraying vines with GA3 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively in comparison with the control treatment.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 1.0 mg/l reduced berries per bunch by 62.44%.
Verbatim
e0“number of berries/ bunch was decreased by 43.92, 62.44, 69.98 and 80.22 % as a result of spraying vines with GA3 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively in comparison with the control treatment.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 2.0 mg/l reduced berries per bunch by 69.98%.
Verbatim
e0“number of berries/ bunch was decreased by 43.92, 62.44, 69.98 and 80.22 % as a result of spraying vines with GA3 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively in comparison with the control treatment.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 4.0 mg/l reduced berries per bunch by 80.22%.
Verbatim
e0“number of berries/ bunch was decreased by 43.92, 62.44, 69.98 and 80.22 % as a result of spraying vines with GA3 at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l, respectively in comparison with the control treatment.”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield per vine fell 33.77% at the first GA3 rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding reduction percentage in yield/ vine was 33.77, 54.25, 61.75 and 70.9 %, respectively.”
t0“Grape”
e1“Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield per vine fell 54.25% at the second GA3 rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding reduction percentage in yield/ vine was 33.77, 54.25, 61.75 and 70.9 %, respectively.”
t0“Grape”
e1“Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield per vine fell 61.75% at the third GA3 rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding reduction percentage in yield/ vine was 33.77, 54.25, 61.75 and 70.9 %, respectively.”
t0“Grape”
e1“Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield per vine fell 70.9% at the fourth GA3 rate.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding reduction percentage in yield/ vine was 33.77, 54.25, 61.75 and 70.9 %, respectively.”
t0“Grape”
e1“Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher GA3 concentrations increased berry weight and removal force.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- GA3 concentrationse0
- Outcome
- weight of 100 berries, berry removal forcee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“weight of 100 berries, berry removal force were obviously increased with increasing GA3 concentrations in both seasons”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 increased TSS and TSS to acid ratio.
- Taxon
- Grapet0
- Treatment
- GA 3 spraying treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Total soluble solid percentage (TSS%) and TSS/acid ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Total soluble solid percentage (TSS%) and TSS/acid ratio were significantly increased as a result of GA 3 spraying treatments without significant differences between the tested concentrations in most cases”
t0“Grape”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 lowered total acidity relative to unsprayed vines.
Verbatim
e0“total acidity percentages were reduced as compared with unsprayed vines in both seasons.”
t0“Grape”
e1“Grapevines were sprayed with GA3 at 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/l at full bloom”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identify 0.5 mg/l GA3 at full bloom as optimal for thinning.
Verbatim
e0“spraying GA 3 at 0.5 mg/l at full bloom was the optimum treatment for Crimson Seedless berry thinning”
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