Abstract
A field experimentation was carried out at New Delhi, India for three years (2010-12) under rainfed semi-arid conditions to assess the effect of three organic nutrient sources and two moisture management practices on productivity, biofortification and soil health under pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. emend Stuntz] + clusterbean [Cyamopsis tetragonaloba (L.) Taub] intercropping system (PCIS). In current study, the pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS while its stover yield reduced by 5%. Under PCIS, inclusion of clusterbean led to significant reduction in clusterbean yield compared to its sole stand, however, PCIS system productivity was more over their sole crop stands, indicating that additive series of PCIS may bring more net economic gains over their sole stands in semi-arid ecology of India. The coarse cereal-legume interactions under PCIS have also led to improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%). Zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) deficiency is a common feature in semi-arid India and the crops grown as well. Study revealed that Zn and Fe content in pearl millet were increased by 6.5 and 1.6%, respectively, by the inclusion of clusterbean in PCIS. Plant growth, yield attributes and yield of pearl millet and clusterbean crops showed an improvement under flat sowing + organic mulching (FS+OM) over ridge and furrow sowing (RFS) but the differences were non-significant. Among organic nutrient sources, leaf compost (LC) @ 10 t/ha and FYM @ 10 t/ha produced significantly more system productivity in terms of pearl millet-equivalent-yield (PEY) than 100% RDF and control. Protein content both in pearl millet and clusterbean, and Zn and Fe biofortification in pearl millet grains was higher under FYM treated plots closely followed by LC, and leaf + cowdung mixture compost. Application of organics especially FYM @ 10 t/ha also resulted in improved soil health in terms of bulk density, soil organic carbon and NPK status after three years experimentation.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Sole and intercrop pearl millet grain yields were comparable.
- Taxon
- pearl millet
Cenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping reduced pearl millet stover yield by 5%.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“its stover yield reduced by 5%”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping significantly reduced clusterbean yield versus a sole stand.
- Taxon
- clusterbean
Cyamopsis tetragonolobae0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“inclusion of clusterbean led to significant reduction in clusterbean yield compared to its sole stand”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercrop system productivity exceeded sole stands.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PCIS system productivity was more over their sole crop stands”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased pearl millet protein content to 11.2% versus 10.7% in sole crop.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Clusterbean inclusion increased pearl millet zinc by 6.5%.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Fe content in pearl millet were increased by 6.5 and 1.6%, respectively, by the inclusion of clusterbean in PCIS”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Clusterbean inclusion increased pearl millet iron by 1.6%.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Fe content in pearl millet were increased by 6.5 and 1.6%, respectively, by the inclusion of clusterbean in PCIS”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flat sowing with organic mulch tended to improve pearl millet and clusterbean growth, yield traits and yield, without significance.
- Taxon
- pearl millet and clusterbeanCyamopsis tetragonolobaCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth, yield attributes and yield of pearl millet and clusterbean crops showed an improvement under flat sowing + organic mulching (FS+OM) over ridge and furrow sowing (RFS) but the differences were non-significant”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf compost produced significantly more system productivity than RDF and control.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf compost (LC) @ 10 t/ha and FYM @ 10 t/ha produced significantly more system productivity in terms of pearl millet-equivalent-yield (PEY) than 100% RDF and control”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM produced significantly more system productivity than RDF and control.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf compost (LC) @ 10 t/ha and FYM @ 10 t/ha produced significantly more system productivity in terms of pearl millet-equivalent-yield (PEY) than 100% RDF and control”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM gave higher pearl millet and clusterbean protein content than other organic treatments.
- Taxon
- pearl millet and clusterbeanCyamopsis tetragonolobaCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein content both in pearl millet and clusterbean, and Zn and Fe biofortification in pearl millet grains was higher under FYM treated plots closely followed by LC, and leaf + cowdung mixture compost”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
FYM gave higher pearl millet grain zinc and iron biofortification than other organic treatments.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn and Fe biofortification in pearl millet grains was higher under FYM treated plots closely followed by LC, and leaf + cowdung mixture compost”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic inputs, especially FYM, improved soil bulk density, organic carbon and NPK status.
- Taxon
- pearl milletCenchrus americanuse0e1e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of organics especially FYM @ 10 t/ha also resulted in improved soil health in terms of bulk density, soil organic carbon and NPK status after three years experimentation”
e1“pearl millet grain yield under sole pearl millet was at par with PCIS”
e2“improved protein content in pearl millet (11.2%) over its sole stand (10.7%)”
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