Abstract
Changes in quality of host plants under elevated CO 2 (eCO 2 ) conditions likely in future can affect the survival, growth and development, and population dynamics of insect herbivores. The present study aimed to examine the effects of eCO 2 on leaf quality of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and consequent effects on growth characteristics of leaf feeding tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) over four successive generations. The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage. Larvae fed with eCO 2 foliage exhibited longer larval duration, higher larval weights and increased consumption in all four generations. Increased Approximate Digestibility (AD) (about 9%) and Relative Consumption Rate (RCR) (7%), decreased levels of efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (13%), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) (19%), and relative growth rate (RGR) (9%) were noticed in larvae fed eCO 2 foliage. Significant and cumulative effect of CO 2 on S.litura was observed over four successive generations.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 lowered peanut leaf nitrogen.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- leaf nitrogene0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- ambient CO 2e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 raised peanut leaf carbon.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- carbone0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 raised peanut leaf carbon to nitrogen ratio.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N)e0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 raised peanut leaf polyphenols content.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- polyphenols contente0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Caterpillars on elevated CO2 foliage had longer larval duration, higher weight and consumption across four generations.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera liturat1herbivore - Outcome
- larval duration, higher larval weights and increased consumptione0
- Direction
- longere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Larvae fed with eCO 2 foliage exhibited longer larval duration, higher larval weights and increased consumption in all four generations.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Approximate digestibility increased about 9% in larvae on elevated CO2 foliage.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat1herbivore
- Outcome
- Approximate Digestibility (AD)e0
- Direction
- Increasede0
- Value
- about 9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased Approximate Digestibility (AD) (about 9%) and Relative Consumption Rate (RCR) (7%), decreased levels of efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (13%), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) (19%), and relative growth rate (RGR) (9%) were noticed in larvae fed eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative consumption rate increased 7%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat1herbivore
- Outcome
- Relative Consumption Rate (RCR)e0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased Approximate Digestibility (AD) (about 9%) and Relative Consumption Rate (RCR) (7%), decreased levels of efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (13%), efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) (19%), and relative growth rate (RGR) (9%) were noticed in larvae fed eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficiency of conversion of ingested food decreased 13%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat1herbivore
- Outcome
- efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 13%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased levels of efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) (13%)”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficiency of conversion of digested food decreased 19%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat1herbivore
- Outcome
- efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD)e0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 19%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) (19%)”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Relative growth rate decreased 9%.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2 foliagee0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera lituraSpodoptera liturat1herbivore
- Outcome
- relative growth rate (RGR)e0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Value
- 9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“relative growth rate (RGR) (9%) were noticed in larvae fed eCO 2 foliage.”
t0“PEANUT”
t1“SPODOPTERA LITURA”
e1“The feeding trials were conducted using peanut foliage grown in open top chambers (OTCs) under two eCO 2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations and one ambient CO 2 concentration.”
e2“Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen (C: N) and higher polyphenols content were observed in eCO 2 foliage.”
The same questions in other papers
co2 · nutrient: content · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.