Abstract
ABSTRACT Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield and financial returns are often low for smallholder farmers in Ghana. Additionally, aflatoxin concentration in foods derived from peanut can be high enough to adversely affect human health. Eight experiments were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in northern Ghana to compare yield, financial returns, pest reaction, and aflatoxin contamination at harvest with traditional farmer versus improved practices. Relative to the farmer practice, the improved practice consisted of weeding one extra time, applying local potassium-based soaps to suppress arthropods and pathogens, and application of either homogenized oyster shells or a commercial blend of fertilizer containing calcium. Each of these field treatments were followed by either drying peanut on the soil surface and storing in traditional poly bags or drying peanut on tarps and storing in hermetically-sealed bags for 4 months. Peanut yield and financial returns were significantly greater when a commercial blend of fertilizer or oyster shells were applied compared to the farmer practice of not applying any fertilizer. Yield and financial returns were greater when a commercial fertilizer blend was applied compared with oyster shells. Severity of early leaf spot [caused by Passalora arachidicola (Hori) U. Braun] and late leaf spot [caused by Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous], scarring and penetration of pods by arthropods, and the number of arthropods at harvest were higher for the farmer practice than for either fertility treatment; no difference was noted when comparing across fertility treatments. Less aflatoxin was observed for both improved practices in the field compared with the farmer practice. Drying peanut on tarps resulted in less aflatoxin compared to drying peanut on the ground regardless of treatments in the field. Aflatoxin concentration after storage was similar when comparing post-harvest treatments of drying on soil surface and storing in poly bags vs. drying on tarps and storing in hermetically-sealed bags. These results demonstrate that substantial financial gain can be realized when management in the field is increased compared with the traditional farmer practice. While aflatoxin concentrations differed between the farmer practice and the improved practices at harvest and after drying, these differences did not translate into differences after storage.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial fertilizer increased peanut yield over the farmer practice.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- commercial blend of fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Peanut yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- farmer practice of not applying any fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield and financial returns were significantly greater when a commercial blend of fertilizer or oyster shells were applied compared to the farmer practice of not applying any fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Oyster shells increased peanut yield over the farmer practice.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- oyster shellse0
- Outcome
- Peanut yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- farmer practice of not applying any fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield and financial returns were significantly greater when a commercial blend of fertilizer or oyster shells were applied compared to the farmer practice of not applying any fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial fertilizer increased peanut financial returns over farmer practice.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- commercial blend of fertilizere0
- Outcome
- financial returnse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- farmer practice of not applying any fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield and financial returns were significantly greater when a commercial blend of fertilizer or oyster shells were applied compared to the farmer practice of not applying any fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Oyster shells increased peanut financial returns over farmer practice.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- oyster shellse0
- Outcome
- financial returnse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- farmer practice of not applying any fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Peanut yield and financial returns were significantly greater when a commercial blend of fertilizer or oyster shells were applied compared to the farmer practice of not applying any fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial fertilizer produced greater peanut yield than oyster shells.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- commercial fertilizer blende0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- oyster shellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield and financial returns were greater when a commercial fertilizer blend was applied compared with oyster shells”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Commercial fertilizer produced greater financial returns than oyster shells.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- commercial fertilizer blende0
- Outcome
- financial returnse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- oyster shellse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield and financial returns were greater when a commercial fertilizer blend was applied compared with oyster shells”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had higher early leaf spot severity than either fertility treatment.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- farmer practicee0
- Interactor
- Passalora arachidicolaMycosphaerella arachidise0pathogen
- Outcome
- Severity of early leaf spote0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either fertility treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Severity of early leaf spot [caused by Passalora arachidicola (Hori) U. Braun] and late leaf spot [caused by Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous], scarring and penetration of pods by arthropods, and the number of arthropods at harvest were higher for the farmer practice than for either fertility treatment”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had higher late leaf spot severity than either fertility treatment.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- farmer practicee0
- Interactor
- Nothopassalora personataNothopassalora personatae0pathogen
- Outcome
- late leaf spote0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either fertility treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Severity of early leaf spot [caused by Passalora arachidicola (Hori) U. Braun] and late leaf spot [caused by Nothopassalora personata (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) U. Braun, C. Nakash., Videira & Crous], scarring and penetration of pods by arthropods, and the number of arthropods at harvest were higher for the farmer practice than for either fertility treatment”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had more pod scarring and penetration by arthropods than fertility treatments.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- farmer practicee0
- Interactor
- arthropodsArthropodae0pest
- Outcome
- scarring and penetration of pods by arthropodse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either fertility treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“scarring and penetration of pods by arthropods, and the number of arthropods at harvest were higher for the farmer practice than for either fertility treatment”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmer practice had more arthropods at harvest than fertility treatments.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- farmer practicee0
- Interactor
- arthropodsArthropodae0pest
- Outcome
- number of arthropods at harveste0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- either fertility treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of arthropods at harvest were higher for the farmer practice than for either fertility treatment”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The two fertility treatments did not differ for the listed disease and arthropod outcomes.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- fertility treatmentse0
- Outcome
- differencee0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- fertility treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no difference was noted when comparing across fertility treatments”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Both improved field practices reduced aflatoxin at harvest versus farmer practice.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- both improved practices in the fielde0
- Outcome
- aflatoxine0
- Direction
- Lesse0
- Comparator
- farmer practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Less aflatoxin was observed for both improved practices in the field compared with the farmer practice”
e1“Peanut yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Drying peanut on tarps reduced aflatoxin versus drying on ground.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- Drying peanut on tarpse0
- Outcome
- aflatoxine0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- drying peanut on the grounde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drying peanut on tarps resulted in less aflatoxin compared to drying peanut on the ground regardless of treatments in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Aflatoxin after storage was similar across the two postharvest treatment combinations.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- drying on tarps and storing in hermetically-sealed bagse0
- Outcome
- Aflatoxin concentration after storagee0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- drying on soil surface and storing in poly bagse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aflatoxin concentration after storage was similar when comparing post-harvest treatments of drying on soil surface and storing in poly bags vs. drying on tarps and storing in hermetically-sealed bags”
e1“Peanut yield”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
634 papers in the same direction as this paper · 44 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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679 papers more in this group
See all 683 papers →processing · disease · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
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- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.