Abstract
Abstract Although humic acid has been demonstrated to improve the yield of some crops, the long‐term effects of continuous cropping on peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) remain largely undetermined. In the present study, we aimed to compare the continuous effects of different concentrations of humic acid on the continuously cropped peanut. A 3‐yr experiment was conducted in the North China Plain. Treatments of 50 kg ha −1 (T1), 100 kg ha −1 (T2), and 150 kg ha −1 (T3) humic acid were applied with inorganic fertilizer along with the equal N, P, and K inputs. Compared with the control group, humic acid increased the yield and oxidative stress tolerance of continuously cropped peanut. To elucidate the mechanism, various physiological indicators were evaluated and compared in this study. First, humic acid increased chlorophyll content and the ability to incorporate nutrients, and the maximum effect was achieved by T3 in 2016. Second, the activities of nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthase in peanut leaves were significantly increased after humic acid treatment, and the most increase was achieved by T2. Third, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced in 2016–2018 by T3, and the same effects were observed in roots and leaves. Fourth, the content of the hormone was changed after humic acid treatment. Collectively, humic acid improved the yield and tolerance of continuously cropped peanut due to the above‐mentioned four reasons, which were conducive to alleviating the obstacles of continuously cropped peanut.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid increased yield of continuously cropped peanut relative to control.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- humic acide0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the control group, humic acid increased the yield and oxidative stress tolerance of continuously cropped peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid increased oxidative stress tolerance of continuously cropped peanut.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- humic acide0
- Outcome
- oxidative stress tolerancee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with the control group, humic acid increased the yield and oxidative stress tolerance of continuously cropped peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid increased peanut chlorophyll content and nutrient incorporation, with maximum effect under T3 in 2016.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- humic acide0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content and the ability to incorporate nutrientse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- maximum effect was achieved by T3 in 2016e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“humic acid increased chlorophyll content and the ability to incorporate nutrients, and the maximum effect was achieved by T3 in 2016”
e1“peanut growing in continuous cropping soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid significantly increased nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthase activity in peanut leaves, most under T2.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- humic acid treatmente0
- Outcome
- activities of nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- most increase was achieved by T2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of nitrate reductase and sucrose phosphate synthase in peanut leaves were significantly increased after humic acid treatment, and the most increase was achieved by T2”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid increased antioxidant enzyme activities in peanut roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae2
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- humic acid treatmente1
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced in 2016–2018 by T3, and the same effects were observed in roots and leaves”
e1“in peanut leaves were significantly increased after humic acid treatment”
e2“peanut leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
T3 humic acid reduced peanut malondialdehyde content during 2016–2018 in roots and leaves.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Organ / stage
- roots and leavese0
- Treatment
- 150 kg ha −1 (T3) humic acide2
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced in 2016–2018 by T3, and the same effects were observed in roots and leaves”
e1“peanut leaves”
e2“150 kg ha −1 (T3) humic acid”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid changed hormone content in peanut.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae1
- Treatment
- humic acid treatmente0
- Outcome
- content of the hormonee0
- Direction
- changede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“content of the hormone was changed after humic acid treatment”
e1“peanut growing in continuous cropping soil”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute improved peanut yield and tolerance to measured physiological changes.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- humic acide0
- Outcome
- yield and tolerancee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“humic acid improved the yield and tolerance of continuously cropped peanut due to the above‐mentioned four reasons”
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