Root-shoot characteristics, yield and economics of mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) under variable rates of phosphorus and nitrogen

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) nutrition on growth, yield, economics, production efficiency (PE) and monetary efficiency (ME) of mungbean. Application of 55 kg N/ha caused improvement in root- and shoot-dry weight, leaf area index and biological yield. However, 40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%), net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.6), PE (24 kg/ha/day) and ME (1,429 AFN/ha/day). Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%), net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.4), PE (22.4 kg/ha/day) and ME (1,290 AFN/ha/day). The combination of 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5 /ha recorded the highest yield, net returns, benefit: cost ratio, PE and ME. Hence, mungbean grown field should be treated with 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5/ha fertilizers for its higher productivity and profitability.

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Claims 19

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of 55 kg N/ha improved root- and shoot-dry weight, leaf area index and biological yield

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 55 kg N/hae1
Outcome: root- and shoot-dry weight, leaf area index and biological yielde1
Direction: improvemente1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Vigna radiata* · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Application of 55 kg N/ha caused improvement in root- and shoot-dry weight, leaf area index and biological yield”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 196–308 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The combination of 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5 /ha recorded the highest yield, net returns, benefit:cost ratio, PE and ME

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: yield, net returns, benefit: cost ratio, PE and MEe1
Direction: higheste1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“The combination of 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5 /ha recorded the highest yield, net returns, benefit: cost ratio, PE and ME”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 782–902 · show in text ↑

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Recommendation: mungbean fields should be treated with 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5/ha for higher productivity and profitability

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatae1
Treatment: 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5/hae1
Outcome: higher productivity and profitabilitye1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e1
“mungbean grown field should be treated with 40 kg N/ha and 60 kg P2O5/ha fertilizers for its higher productivity and profitability”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 911–1041 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest pod length (8.2 cm)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: pod lengthe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 8.2 cme1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–370 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest grains per plant (284)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: grains/plante1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 284e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–390 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest grain yield (2.1 t/ha)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: grain yielde1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 2.1 t/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–414 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest harvest index (29.4%)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: harvest indexe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 29.4%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–437 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: net returnse1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 1,28,651 AFN/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%), net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–468 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest benefit:cost ratio (2.6)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: benefit: cost ratioe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 2.6e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%), net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.6)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–495 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest PE (24 kg/ha/day)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: PEe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 24 kg/ha/daye1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%), net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.6), PE (24 kg/ha/day)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–514 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg N/ha gave the highest ME (1,429 AFN/ha/day)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 40 kg N/hae1
Outcome: MEe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 1,429 AFN/ha/daye1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“40 kg N/ha recorded the highest pod length (8.2 cm), grains/plant (284), grain yield (2.1 t/ha), harvest index (29.4%), net returns (1,28,651 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.6), PE (24 kg/ha/day) and ME (1,429 AFN/ha/day)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 319–540 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest pod length (8.3 cm)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: pod lengthe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 8.3 cme1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–607 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest seeds per plant (285)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: seeds/plante1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 285e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–626 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest grain yield (2.0 t/ha)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: grain yielde1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 2.0 t/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–650 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest harvest index (30.5%)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: harvest indexe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 30.5%e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–673 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: net returnse1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 1,161,22.9 AFN/hae1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%), net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–706 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest benefit:cost ratio (2.4)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: benefit: cost ratioe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 2.4e1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%), net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.4)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–733 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest PE (22.4 kg/ha/day)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: PEe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 22.4 kg/ha/daye1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%), net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.4), PE (22.4 kg/ha/day)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–754 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

60 kg P2O5 /ha gave the highest ME (1,290 AFN/ha/day)

Taxon: mungbeanVigna radiatat0
Treatment: 60 kg P2O5 /hae1
Outcome: MEe1
Direction: higheste1
Value: 1,290 AFN/ha/daye1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–78 · show in text ↑

e1
“Use of 60 kg P2O5 /ha resulted in the highest pod length (8.3 cm), seeds/plant (285), grain yield (2.0 t/ha), harvest index (30.5%), net returns (1,161,22.9 AFN/ha), benefit: cost ratio (2.4), PE (22.4 kg/ha/day) and ME (1,290 AFN/ha/day)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 542–780 · show in text ↑

nitrogen · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

88 papers: 81 positive, 7 negative or no effect

80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

positive
Combined low-dose nitrogen and Rhizobium produced root dry weight, number of pods plant−1, 100-seed weight that were higher or on par with the listed nitrogen and inoculation alternatives.
Growth, symbiotic traits, productivity and nutrient uptake as influenced by dose and time of nitrogen application andRhizobiuminoculation in mungbean [Vigna radiata(L.) Wilczek] · 2021 · compared with N application at 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 50 + 50 kg ha−1 and Rhizobium inoculation alone
Same directionCites this paper
positive
Nitrogen significantly improved mung bean grain yield in loamy sand soil.
Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application on Growth and Root Nodules of Mungbean under Sandy Soil Conditions · 2022
Same directionCites this paper
positive
The stated nutrient rates significantly enhanced pods, grains per pod, and grain weight.
Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of mungbean · 2024
Same directionCites this paper

84 papers more in this group

See all 88 papers →

phosphorus · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

179 papers: 175 positive, 4 negative or no effect

174 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

positive
The stated nutrient rates significantly enhanced pods, grains per pod, and grain weight.
Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of mungbean · 2024
Same directionCites this paper
negative
RDF alone gave significantly lower seed yield (256.7 kg/ha) than the Autonagar compost treatment.
Influence of urban compost on the yield and water productivity of green gram (Vigna Radiate L.) · 2019 · compared with urban compost from Autonagar (Urban Compost–II) @ 5.0 t ha-1 along with RDF
Opposite direction
no effect
Rock phosphate alone did not significantly increase grain yield.
AGRONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS OF ORGANIC SOURCES AND MUSSOORIE ROCK PHOSPHATE TO PHOSPHORUS ECONOMY IN RAINFED GREEN GRAM · 1997
Opposite direction

175 papers more in this group

See all 179 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 19

The same questions in other papers

nitrogen · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

phosphorus · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ