Abstract
Continuous cropping of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) deplete soil fertility and reduce crop productivity as well as zinc (Zn) concentrations in rice grains and straw. Low Zn concentrations in rice grains have a negative impact on human health, while low Zn concertation in rice straw creates a nutritional problem for animals. The current high yielding rice varieties and hybrids remove large quantities of Zn from the soils, lowering the residual concentrations of soil Zn for the subsequent crop (e.g., wheat). Field experiments were conducted on farmers field in Malakand with the objective to evaluate the impact of various combinations of phosphorus (0, 40, 80, and 120 kg ha−1) and Zn levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 kg ha−1) on biofortification of Zn in grains and straw of rice genotypes [fine (Bamati-385) vs. coarse (Fakhre-e-Malakand and Pukhraj)]. The results revealed that Zn biofortification in rice genotypes increased with the integrated use of both nutrients (P + Zn) when applied at higher rates (80 and 120 kg P ha−1, and 10 and 15 kg Zn ha−1, respectively). The biofortification of Zn in both grains and straw was higher in the coarse than fine rice genotypes (Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385). It was concluded from this study that the application of higher P and Zn levels increased Zn contents in rice parts (grains and straw) under the rice-wheat system. We also concluded from this study that Zn concentrations in rice grains and straw are influenced by plant genetic factors and Zn management practices.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Higher combined phosphorus and zinc rates increased rice zinc biofortification.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- integrated use of both nutrients (P + Zn)e0
- Outcome
- Zn biofortificatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- 80 and 120 kg P ha−1, and 10 and 15 kg Zn ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn biofortification in rice genotypes increased with the integrated use of both nutrients (P + Zn) when applied at higher rates (80 and 120 kg P ha−1, and 10 and 15 kg Zn ha−1, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Coarse rice genotypes had higher grain zinc biofortification than the fine genotype, ranked Pukhraj, Fakhre-e-Malakand, then Basmati-385.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- coarsee0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Outcome
- biofortification of Zne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385e0
- Comparator
- fine rice genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biofortification of Zn in both grains and straw was higher in the coarse than fine rice genotypes (Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385).”
Claim · model-written summary
Coarse rice genotypes had higher straw zinc biofortification than the fine genotype, with the same cultivar ranking.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- coarsee0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Outcome
- biofortification of Zne0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385e0
- Comparator
- fine rice genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biofortification of Zn in both grains and straw was higher in the coarse than fine rice genotypes (Pukhraj > Fakhre-e-Malakand > Basmati-385).”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher phosphorus and zinc levels increased rice grain zinc content in the rice-wheat system.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Treatment
- higher P and Zn levelse0
- Outcome
- Zn contents in rice partse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- rice-wheat systeme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of higher P and Zn levels increased Zn contents in rice parts (grains and straw) under the rice-wheat system.”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher phosphorus and zinc levels increased rice straw zinc content in the rice-wheat system.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- strawe0
- Treatment
- higher P and Zn levelse0
- Outcome
- Zn contents in rice partse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- rice-wheat systeme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of higher P and Zn levels increased Zn contents in rice parts (grains and straw) under the rice-wheat system.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that genetic factors and zinc management influence zinc concentrations in rice grain and straw.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Zn management practicese0
- Outcome
- Zn concentrations in rice grains and strawe0
- Qualifier
- plant genetic factorse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zn concentrations in rice grains and straw are influenced by plant genetic factors and Zn management practices.”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
253 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 276 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.