Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the use of Bacillus velezensis strain XT1 as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) and biocontrol agent against B. cinerea in tomato and strawberry plants. Foliar and radicular applications of strain XT1 increased plant total biomass as compared to the control and B. cinerea-infected plants, with root applications being, on the whole, the most effective mode of treatment. Applications of the bacterium were found to reduce infection parameters such as disease incidence and severity by 50% and 60%, respectively. We analyzed stress parameters and phytohormone content in order to evaluate the capacity of XT1 to activate the defense system through phytohormonal regulation. Overall, the application of XT1 reduced oxidative damage, while the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower in XT1-treated and B. cinerea-infected plants as compared to non-XT1-treated plants. Moreover, treatment with XT1 induced callose deposition, thus boosting the response to pathogenic infection. The results of this study suggest that the signaling and activation pathways involved in defense mechanisms are mediated by jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene hormones, which are induced by preventive treatment with XT1. The study also highlights the potential of preventive applications of strain XT1 to activate defense mechanisms in strawberry and tomato plants through hormone regulation.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar XT1 increased total biomass versus controls and infected plants.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plants
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassa
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- Foliare0
- Interactor
- strain XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the control and B. cinerea-infected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Foliar and radicular applications of strain XT1 increased plant total biomass as compared to the control and B. cinerea-infected plants”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Radicular XT1 increased total biomass versus controls and infected plants and was generally most effective.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- radicular applications of strain XT1e0
- Interactor
- strain XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant total biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- root applications being, on the whole, the most effective mode of treatmente0
- Comparator
- the control and B. cinerea-infected plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar and radicular applications of strain XT1 increased plant total biomass as compared to the control and B. cinerea-infected plants, with root applications being, on the whole, the most effective mode of treatment”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1 reduced disease incidence by 50%.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Applications of the bacteriume0
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereae2pathogen - Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of the bacterium were found to reduce infection parameters such as disease incidence and severity by 50% and 60%, respectively”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
e2“the control and B. cinerea-infected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1 reduced disease severity by 60%.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- Applications of the bacteriume0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae2pathogen
- Outcome
- severitye0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Value
- 60%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applications of the bacterium were found to reduce infection parameters such as disease incidence and severity by 50% and 60%, respectively”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
e2“the control and B. cinerea-infected plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1 reduced oxidative damage in infected plants.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- application of XT1e0
- Interactor
- XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- oxidative damagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of XT1 reduced oxidative damage”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1-treated infected plants had lower H2O2 than non-XT1-treated plants.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- XT1-treatede0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- H2O2e0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-XT1-treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower in XT1-treated and B. cinerea-infected plants as compared to non-XT1-treated plants”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1-treated infected plants had lower malondialdehyde content than non-XT1-treated plants.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- XT1-treatede0
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae0pathogen
- Second interactor
- XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde (MDA) contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-XT1-treated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower in XT1-treated and B. cinerea-infected plants as compared to non-XT1-treated plants”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
XT1 induced callose deposition.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- treatment with XT1e0
- Interactor
- XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- callose depositione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment with XT1 induced callose deposition”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Preventive XT1 treatment induced jasmonic acid and ethylene hormones implicated in defense activation.
- Taxon
- tomato and strawberry plantsFragaria ×ananassaSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- preventive treatment with XT1e0
- Interactor
- XT1e0biocontrol_agent
- Compound
- jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene hormonese0
- Outcome
- defense mechanismse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“defense mechanisms are mediated by jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene hormones, which are induced by preventive treatment with XT1”
e1“tomato and strawberry plants”
The same questions in other papers
application · growth · Fragaria x ananassa (strawberry)Positive and negative results
50 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 58 papers →application · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
224 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
249 papers more in this group
See all 253 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.