Abstract
Abstract In this study, the sensitivity of 218 isolates of Colletotrichum musae to imazalil and thiabendazole was evaluated, as well the fitness and competitive ability of less sensitive isolates. There was a positive correlation between the sensitivity to the two fungicides, but the isolates were more sensitive to imazalil. The estimated effective concentration of the fungicide able to inhibit mycelial growth by 50% (EC 50 ) was used to select four isolates with the lowest and the highest values for both fungicides, which were considered as sensitive (S) and less sensitive (LS), respectively. The level of sensitivity was maintained after 10 successive transfers on fungicide‐free medium. Both fungicides were effective in controlling the disease caused by S isolates of C . musae in detached banana fruit when recommended doses were used. However, only imazalil was able to control the disease caused by LS isolates. For both fungicides, analysis of fitness‐related variables (mycelial growth, sporulation, germination, and virulence) showed no difference between the groups of S and LS isolates, but a large variation was observed within the group. The LS isolates to thiabendazole that showed a mutation (F200Y) in the β‐tubulin gene did not have fitness penalties. Our results allow a better understanding of the sensitivity and fitness of isolates of C . musae from Brazil, and demonstrate the importance of periodic monitoring to determine the frequency of LS isolates in populations, aiming at more effective management of anthracnose in banana orchards in Brazil.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Sensitivity of Colletotrichum musae isolates to imazalil and thiabendazole was positively correlated.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musae
-_Anthracnose_caused_by_Colletotrichum_musae.jpg?width=60)
Colletotrichum musaet0 - Treatment
- the two fungicidese0
- Outcome
- sensitivitye0
- Direction
- positive correlatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
-_Anthracnose_caused_by_Colletotrichum_musae.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“There was a positive correlation between the sensitivity to the two fungicides”
Claim · model-written summary
The isolates were more sensitive to imazalil than to thiabendazole.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musaeColletotrichum musaet0
- Treatment
- imazalile0
- Outcome
- sensitivee0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“the isolates were more sensitive to imazalil”
Claim · model-written summary
The level of fungicide sensitivity was maintained after 10 successive transfers on fungicide-free medium.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musaeColletotrichum musaet0
- Outcome
- level of sensitivitye0
- Qualifier
- 10 successive transferse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“The level of sensitivity was maintained after 10 successive transfers on fungicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fungicides were effective in controlling the disease caused by sensitive isolates in detached banana fruit at recommended doses.
- Taxon
- bananae1
- Treatment
- Both fungicidese0
- Interactor
- S isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- the diseasee0
- Direction
- effectivee0
- Qualifier
- recommended dosese1
- Setting
- detached banana fruite1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Both fungicides were effective in controlling the disease caused by S isolates”
e1“in detached banana fruit when recommended doses were used”
Claim · model-written summary
Only imazalil was able to control the disease caused by less sensitive isolates in detached banana fruit.
- Taxon
- bananae1
- Treatment
- imazalile0
- Interactor
- LS isolatese0pathogen
- Outcome
- the diseasee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Setting
- detached banana fruite1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only imazalil was able to control the disease caused by LS isolates”
e1“detached banana fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycelial growth, sporulation, germination and virulence did not differ between sensitive and less sensitive isolate groups.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musaeColletotrichum musaet0
- Outcome
- mycelial growth, sporulation, germination, and virulencee0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- groups of S and LS isolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“mycelial growth, sporulation, germination, and virulence) showed no difference between the groups of S and LS isolates”
Claim · model-written summary
A large variation in fitness variables was observed within the isolate groups.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musaeColletotrichum musaet0
- Outcome
- variatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“a large variation was observed within the group”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiabendazole less sensitive isolates carrying the F200Y mutation did not have fitness penalties.
- Taxon
- Colletotrichum musaeColletotrichum musaet0
- Gene
- F200Ye0
- Outcome
- fitness penaltiese1
- Direction
- did not havee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Colletotrichum musae populations from Brazil”
e0“The LS isolates to thiabendazole that showed a mutation (F200Y)”
e1“did not have fitness penalties”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that periodic monitoring of the frequency of less sensitive isolates in populations is important for more effective management of anthracnose in banana orchards in Brazil.
Verbatim
e0“demonstrate the importance of periodic monitoring to determine the frequency of LS isolates in populations”
e1“more effective management of anthracnose in banana orchards in Brazil”
The same questions in other papers
enilconazole · disease · MusaResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
fungicide · disease · MusaResults agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.