Abstract
ABSTRACT Weed control is an integral part of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production systems. Paraquat is a staple postemergence (POST) herbicide used in peanut production in the Southeast US. Inorganic liquid nutrient (ILN) concentrates are liquid fertilizers that are recommended for use by producers in tank-mixtures with paraquat by some distributors. Irrigated and non-irrigated field trials were conducted to quantify the safening effect of ILN in various herbicide tank-mixtures on peanut and determine the suitability as tank-mix replacements for bentazon. Field studies indicated similar POST herbicide responses for peanut injury. Greenhouse experiments evaluated POST paraquat tank-mixtures with ILN for weed control and biomass reduction. Paraquat plus S-metolachlor caused significant leaf burn and stunting. Greatest peanut foliar injury occurred 3 d after treatment (DAT) but was transient. For the irrigated field trial, paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus ILN had similar injury levels as compared to paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus acifluorfen plus bentazon at 22 to 25%. For the non-irrigated field study, the application of paraquat plus ILN had 10% injury compared to paraquat at 22%. While injury was the greatest directly following application, peanut was able to recover with no yield or grade loss for both the irrigated and non-irrigated studies. In the greenhouse study, the effect of ILN varied by weed species and reduced leaf injury on several broadleaf weeds. While the addition of ILN to the various paraquat tank-mixtures initially reduced injury, it did not correspond to increases in yield or grade. The variability in weed control, transient injury mitigation, and no yield increase indicates that Georgia peanut growers will receive no benefit for including ILN in their paraquat tank-mixtures but if needed to improve crop nutrition, ILN will not reduce weed control.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Field studies indicated similar POST herbicide responses for peanut injury.
- Taxon
- Peanut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Treatment
- POST herbicidee0
- Outcome
- peanut injurye0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e0“Field studies indicated similar POST herbicide responses for peanut injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Greatest peanut foliar injury occurred 3 days after treatment but was transient.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- peanut foliar injurye1
- Qualifier
- transiente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“Paraquat plus S-metolachlor caused significant leaf burn and stunting. Greatest peanut foliar injury occurred 3 d after treatment (DAT) but was transient”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat plus S-metolachlor caused significant leaf burn and stunting of peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Paraquat plus S-metolachlore1
- Outcome
- leaf burn and stuntinge1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e1“Paraquat plus S-metolachlor caused significant leaf burn and stunting. Greatest peanut foliar injury occurred 3 d after treatment (DAT) but was transient”
Claim · model-written summary
In the irrigated field trial, paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus ILN had similar peanut injury levels to paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus acifluorfen plus bentazon at 22 to 25%.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus ILNe2
- Outcome
- injury levelse2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Value
- 22 to 25%e2
- Comparator
- paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus acifluorfen plus bentazone2
- Setting
- irrigated field triale2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e2“For the irrigated field trial, paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus ILN had similar injury levels as compared to paraquat plus S-metolachlor plus acifluorfen plus bentazon at 22 to 25%”
Claim · model-written summary
In the non-irrigated field study, paraquat plus ILN had 10% peanut injury compared with 22% for paraquat.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- paraquat plus ILNe3
- Outcome
- injurye3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Value
- 10%e3
- Comparator
- paraquate3
- Setting
- non-irrigated field studye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e3“For the non-irrigated field study, the application of paraquat plus ILN had 10% injury compared to paraquat at 22%”
Claim · model-written summary
Peanut recovered with no yield or grade loss in both the irrigated and non-irrigated studies.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- yield or grade losse4
- Qualifier
- recovere4
- Setting
- irrigated and non-irrigated studiese4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e4“While injury was the greatest directly following application, peanut was able to recover with no yield or grade loss for both the irrigated and non-irrigated studies”
Claim · model-written summary
In the greenhouse study, ILN reduced leaf injury on several broadleaf weeds, and its effect varied by weed species.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- ILNe5
- Interactor
- broadleaf weedse5weed
- Outcome
- leaf injury on several broadleaf weedse5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Qualifier
- varied by weed speciese5
- Setting
- greenhouse studye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e5“In the greenhouse study, the effect of ILN varied by weed species and reduced leaf injury on several broadleaf weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding ILN to paraquat tank-mixtures initially reduced peanut injury.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- addition of ILN to the various paraquat tank-mixturese6
- Outcome
- injurye6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Qualifier
- initiallye6
- Comparator
- paraquat tank-mixturese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e6“While the addition of ILN to the various paraquat tank-mixtures initially reduced injury, it did not correspond to increases in yield or grade”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding ILN to paraquat tank-mixtures did not increase peanut yield or grade.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- addition of ILN to the various paraquat tank-mixturese6
- Outcome
- yield or gradee6
- Direction
- did not correspond to increasese6
- Comparator
- paraquat tank-mixturese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e6“While the addition of ILN to the various paraquat tank-mixtures initially reduced injury, it did not correspond to increases in yield or grade”
Claim · model-written summary
Georgia peanut growers will receive no benefit from including ILN in their paraquat tank-mixtures.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- benefite7
- Setting
- Georgiae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e7“Georgia peanut growers will receive no benefit for including ILN in their paraquat tank-mixtures but if needed to improve crop nutrition, ILN will not reduce weed control”
Claim · model-written summary
ILN will not reduce weed control when it is needed to improve crop nutrition.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- ILNe7
- Interactor
- weede7weed
- Outcome
- weed controle7
- Qualifier
- if needed to improve crop nutritione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Peanut”
e7“Georgia peanut growers will receive no benefit for including ILN in their paraquat tank-mixtures but if needed to improve crop nutrition, ILN will not reduce weed control”
The same questions in other papers
paraquat · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 9 papers →paraquat · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
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See all 20 papers →herbicide · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 27 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.