Abstract
The water-soluble fullerenols are novel carbon-based nanomaterials with unique properties, which afford them with wide agricultural applications. Iron (Fe) deficiency is the most common and widespread nutrition disorder affecting plants. Foliar Fe treatments of plants have been carried out with solutions devoid of fullerenol. In this study, the role of fullerenol [C60(OH)22-24] in alleviation of Fe deficiency in Cucumis sativus (a Strategy I plant) via foliar fertilization was investigated. Cucumber plants were grown hydroponically, either with (Fe) or in Fe-free (-Fe) nutrient solution. The following foliar spray treatments were applied: fullerenol at final concentrations of 1 (F1) and 10 (F10) mg L-1; Fe(II)SO4·7H2O; Fe(II)-EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid); and Fe(II)-F1 and Fe(II)-F10. The best used compound was a combination of Fe(II)-sulfate with fullerenol, especially Fe-F1. The addition of fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate solutions significantly increased leaf-active Fe (extracted by an Fe(II) chelator) and re-greening at the site of application. The fullerenol-induced mutual influences did not appear when fullerenol was sprayed alone, suggesting a beneficial role of Fe(II)-fullerenol interactions in the penetration of Fe(II) in the leaves and re-greening under Fe-limited conditions. The results are of importance to enhancing the potential of foliar Fe fertilization as the commonly used strategy for ameliorating Fe deficiency and improving crop yield and quality.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Fe(II)-sulfate with fullerenol, especially Fe-F1, was judged the best compound.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- Fe-F1e0
- Outcome
- best used compounde0
- Direction
- beste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The best used compound was a combination of Fe(II)-sulfate with fullerenol, especially Fe-F1”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate significantly increased leaf-active Fe.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- addition of fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate solutionse0
- Outcome
- leaf-active Fee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate solutions significantly increased leaf-active Fe (extracted by an Fe(II) chelator)”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate significantly increased re-greening at the application site.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- addition of fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate solutionse0
- Outcome
- re-greening at the site of applicatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of fullerenol to Fe(II)-sulfate solutions significantly increased leaf-active Fe (extracted by an Fe(II) chelator) and re-greening at the site of application”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Fullerenol sprayed alone did not show the reported mutual influences.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- fullerenol was sprayed alonee0
- Outcome
- fullerenol-induced mutual influencese0
- Direction
- did not appeare0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fullerenol-induced mutual influences did not appear when fullerenol was sprayed alone”
t0“cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest Fe(II)-fullerenol interactions aid Fe(II) penetration and re-greening under iron limitation.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- penetration of Fe(II) in the leaves and re-greeninge0
- Qualifier
- Fe(II)-fullerenol interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“suggesting a beneficial role of Fe(II)-fullerenol interactions in the penetration of Fe(II) in the leaves and re-greening under Fe-limited conditions”
t0“cucumber”
The same questions in other papers
iron atom · nutrient: content · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.