Abstract
Effect of herbicide and their combinations on crop growth, weed suppression and rice yield were evaluated at agronomic research farm of Rajendra Agricultural University, Bihar (Pusa) during Kharif season of 2009-10.Results revealed that weed control measures had a significant effects on weed population/m2. At 20 DAT minimum weed population/m2 was recorded with Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) which was significantly superior to weedy check (no weeding) and hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT and statistically at par with Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron@ 40g a.i/ha (PoE), Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE)and Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron (10WP) @ 40 gm a.i/ha (PoE).At 40 DAT lowest weed population/m2 was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT which was highly significant to weedy check and significantly superior to Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) and Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) but statistically at par with Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron@ 40g a.i/ha (PoE) and Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron (10 WP) @ 40 gm a.i/ha (PoE).At 60 DAT, minimum weed population/m2 was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT which was highly significant to weedy check but significantly superior to Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE), Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron@ 40g a.i/ha (PoE), Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE)and Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron (10 WP) @ 40 gm a.i/ha (PoE).A similar trend was observed at harvest. Response of weed control measures on weed control efficiency was found to be significant at all the stages of growth. AT 40 DAT maximum weed control efficiency was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT (91.61%) which was significantly superior to Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) (82.00%), Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron@ 40g a.i/ha (PoE), Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE)(89.11), Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) (82.77%) and Pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) + Pyrazosulfuron (10 WP) @ 40 gm a.i/ha (PoE) (88.22%). A similar trend was observed at 60 DAT and at harvest. The crop growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yield were recorded highest in spacing 15 x 15 cm over 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm in respect of number of tillers/m2, dry weight of plant (g/m2), LAI, CGR (g/day/m2), weed population/m2, weed dry weight (g/m2) and number of panicle/m2 but was found at par in case of weed control efficiency (%) and 1000-grain weight. The spacing 15 x 15 cm also showed superiority over 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm in respect of grain and straw yield (q/ha) and grain : straw ratio but influence of population density on HI was found to be non-significant. Simultaneously, closer plant spacing recorded significantly highest gross and net return as well as B: C ratio than wider spacing. The treatment weedy check (no weeding) recorded significantly higher plant height but achieved significantly poor growth parameters, yield attributing characters, yield and economics. Results revealed that among various weed control measures, hand weeding and chemical weedicides recorded significantly higher number of tillers/m2, dry weight (g/m2), LAI, CGR (g/day/m2), weed parameters, number of tillers/m2, length of panicle (cm), number of grains/panicle, 1000-grain weight (g), grain and straw yield (q/ha) and harvest index than weedy check treatment with at par response among themselves. However, chemical weed control practices fetched significantly higher yield and at par net return and B : C ratio as compared to hand weeding (twice) treatment in the experimentation
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Butachlor at 1.5 kg a.i/ha gave minimum weed population at 20 DAT.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE)e0
- Outcome
- weed population/m2e0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Comparator
- weedy check (no weeding)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 20 DAT minimum weed population/m2 was recorded with Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) which was significantly superior to weedy check (no weeding)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding gave the lowest weed population at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hand weeding at 25 and 50 DATe0
- Outcome
- weed population/m2e0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 40 DAT lowest weed population/m2 was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT which was highly significant to weedy check”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding gave the minimum weed population at 60 DAT.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hand weeding at 25 and 50 DATe0
- Outcome
- weed population/m2e0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 60 DAT, minimum weed population/m2 was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT which was highly significant to weedy check”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding achieved 91.61% weed control efficiency at 40 DAT.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- hand weeding at 25 and 50 DATe0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 91.61%e0
- Comparator
- Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AT 40 DAT maximum weed control efficiency was recorded with hand weeding at 25 and 50 DAT (91.61%) which was significantly superior to Butachlor @ 1.5 kg a.i/ha (PE) (82.00%)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Spacing of 15 x 15 cm produced the highest crop growth and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- spacing 15 x 15 cme0
- Outcome
- crop growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The crop growth parameters, yield attributes and grain yield were recorded highest in spacing 15 x 15 cm over 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Spacing of 15 x 15 cm increased grain and straw yield and grain to straw ratio.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- spacing 15 x 15 cme0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yield (q/ha) and grain : straw ratioe0
- Direction
- superioritye0
- Comparator
- 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The spacing 15 x 15 cm also showed superiority over 20 x 15 cm and 20 x 20 cm in respect of grain and straw yield (q/ha) and grain : straw ratio”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Population density did not significantly influence harvest index.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- population densitye0
- Outcome
- HIe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“influence of population density on HI was found to be non-significant”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Closer spacing gave significantly higher gross and net returns and benefit-cost ratio.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- closer plant spacinge0
- Outcome
- gross and net return as well as B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- wider spacinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“closer plant spacing recorded significantly highest gross and net return as well as B: C ratio than wider spacing”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weedy check increased plant height.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weedy check (no weeding)e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weedy check (no weeding) recorded significantly higher plant height”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weedy check produced poor growth, yield and economics.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weedy check (no weeding)e0
- Outcome
- growth parameters, yield attributing characters, yield and economicse0
- Direction
- poore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weedy check (no weeding) recorded significantly higher plant height but achieved significantly poor growth parameters, yield attributing characters, yield and economics”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical weed control gave higher yield than hand weeding.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- chemical weed control practicese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- hand weeding (twice) treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chemical weed control practices fetched significantly higher yield and at par net return and B : C ratio as compared to hand weeding (twice) treatment”
t0“Rice”
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