Abstract
BACKGROUND: Auxin may have a positive effect on plants under drought stress. White clover is widely cultivated and often prone to water shortages. In the present study, we investigated the effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover under drought stress condition. The contents of endogenous IAA and other hormones including ABA, CTK, JA, GA, IAA, and SA were assayed. Moreover, expressions of auxin-responsive genes, drought-responsive genes and leaf senescence-associated genes were detected in response to exogenous IAA. RESULTS: Compared to control, drought stress alone significantly diminished stem dry weigh, relative water content (RWC) and total chlorophyll content (Chl). Exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased RWC and Chl, whereas L-AOPP treatment drastically decreased stem dry weight, RWC and Chl under drought stress condition. Additionally, exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content, up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought stress responsive genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715 and RD22), and down-regulated expressions of auxin-responding genes (GH3.3, GH3.6, IAA27) and leaf senescence genes (SAG101 and SAG102) in the presence of PEG. Contrarily, L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA, down-regulated expressions of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22, and up-regulated SAG101 and SAG102. CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous IAA improved drought tolerance of white clover possibly due to endogenous plant hormone concentration changes and modulation of genes involving in drought stress response and leaf senescence. These results provided useful information to understand mechanisms of IAA improved drought tolerance in white clover.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress alone significantly diminished stem dry weight, relative water content and total chlorophyll content in white clover compared with control.
- Taxon
- white clover
Trifolium repense0 - Treatment
- drought stress alonee1
- Outcome
- stem dry weigh, relative water content (RWC) and total chlorophyll content (Chl)e1
- Direction
- diminishede1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e1“Compared to control, drought stress alone significantly diminished stem dry weigh, relative water content (RWC) and total chlorophyll content (Chl)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA significantly increased relative water content and chlorophyll content under drought.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- Exogenous IAAe2
- Outcome
- RWC and Chle2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e2“Exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased RWC and Chl”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment decreased stem dry weight, relative water content and chlorophyll content under drought.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente3
- Outcome
- stem dry weight, RWC and Chle3
- Direction
- decreasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e3“L-AOPP treatment drastically decreased stem dry weight, RWC and Chl under drought stress condition”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA significantly increased ABA and JA content in white clover.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Outcome
- ABA content and JA contente4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA up-regulated the auxin-responsive genes GH3.1, GH3.9 and IAA8 under drought.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8e5
- Outcome
- expressione5
- Direction
- up-regulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e5“up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought stress responsive genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715 and RD22)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA up-regulated the drought-responsive genes bZIP11, DREB2 and MYB14.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14e5
- Outcome
- expressione5
- Direction
- up-regulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e5“up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought stress responsive genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715 and RD22)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA up-regulated the drought-responsive genes MYB48, WRKY2 and WRKY56.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56e5
- Outcome
- expressione5
- Direction
- up-regulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e5“up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought stress responsive genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715 and RD22)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA up-regulated the drought-responsive genes WRKY108715 and RD22.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- WRKY108715 and RD22e5
- Outcome
- expressione5
- Direction
- up-regulatede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e5“up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes (GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8), drought stress responsive genes (bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715 and RD22)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA down-regulated the auxin-responding genes GH3.3, GH3.6 and IAA27.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- GH3.3, GH3.6, IAA27e6
- Outcome
- expressionse6
- Direction
- down-regulatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e6“down-regulated expressions of auxin-responding genes (GH3.3, GH3.6, IAA27) and leaf senescence genes (SAG101 and SAG102)”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA down-regulated the leaf senescence genes SAG101 and SAG102.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- exogenous IAA treatmente4
- Gene
- SAG101 and SAG102e6
- Outcome
- expressionse6
- Direction
- down-regulatede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e4“exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content”
e6“down-regulated expressions of auxin-responding genes (GH3.3, GH3.6, IAA27) and leaf senescence genes (SAG101 and SAG102)”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced ABA, GA3 and JA contents in white clover.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Outcome
- contents of ABA, GA3 and JAe7
- Direction
- reducede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment down-regulated the auxin-responsive genes GH3.1, GH3.9 and IAA8.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Gene
- GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8e2
- Outcome
- expressionse2
- Direction
- down-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
e2“down-regulated expressions of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment down-regulated the drought-responsive genes bZIP11, DREB2 and MYB14.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Gene
- bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14e2
- Outcome
- expressionse2
- Direction
- down-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
e2“down-regulated expressions of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment down-regulated the drought-responsive genes MYB48, WRKY2 and WRKY56.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Gene
- MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56e2
- Outcome
- expressionse2
- Direction
- down-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
e2“down-regulated expressions of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment down-regulated WRKY108715, ERD and RD22.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Gene
- WRKY108715, ERD and RD22e2
- Outcome
- expressionse2
- Direction
- down-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
e2“down-regulated expressions of GH3.1, GH3.9, IAA8, bZIP11, DREB2, MYB14, MYB48, WRKY2, WRKY56, WRKY108715, ERD and RD22”
Claim · model-written summary
L-AOPP treatment up-regulated the leaf senescence genes SAG101 and SAG102.
- Taxon
- white cloverTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- L-AOPP treatmente7
- Gene
- SAG101 and SAG102e2
- Outcome
- SAG101 and SAG102e2
- Direction
- up-regulatede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effects of exogenous indole - 3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover”
e7“L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA”
e2“and up-regulated SAG101 and SAG102”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: water · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
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