Abstract
Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’ were conducted at the Plant Physiology field of Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during two consecutive summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on growth, sex expression, yield and yield components of the crop. The experiment consisted of different concentrations of Gibberellic acid (GA3), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), Maleic hydrazide (MH) and single concentration of cycocel (CCC) viz., GA3 @ 10 ppm, GA3 @ 30 ppm, NAA @100 ppm, NAA @ 150 ppm, MH @ 50 ppm, MH @ 150 ppm and CCC @ 500 ppm along with distilled water considered as control. All growth regulators were sprayed to the seedlings at two-leaf stage and 4 days after the first spray. Growth regulator treatments had significant effect on primary branches/plant, node number of 1st male and female flower appearance, number of days to 1st male and female flower appearance, number of male and female flowers, sex ratio (male:female flower) number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield. Spraying of MH @ 150 ppm gave the highest primary branches/plant (17.0 and 18.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and induced maximum female flowers (37.3 and 40.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) at lower nodes followed by CCC @ 500 ppm (36.3) in the first year and MH @ 50 ppm (40.0) in the 2nd year. Application of MH @ 150 ppm caused early appearance of female flowers on the nearest node (from bottom). Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the highest number of female flowers/plant, thereby producing lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the maximum number of fruits/plant (12.0 and 14.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively). The maximum fruit weight/plant was obtained from the application of MH @ 150 ppm (29.3 and 35.8 in first and 2nd year, respectively) followed by CCC @ 500 ppm (26.0 in the 1st year and 29.0 in 2nd year). The highest fruit yield per hectare was recorded significantly with the application of MH @ 150 ppm (97.6 t/ha and 89.6 t/ha in first and 2nd year, respectively) closely followed by CCC @ 500 ppm (88.5 t/ha in 2015) and GA3 @ 30 ppm (75.3 t/ha in 2016), as compared to other treatments. The highest mean yield over the years was also recorded at MH @ 150 ppm (93.6 t/ha) followed by CCC @ 150 ppm (80.6 t/ha) and GA3 30 (74.1). Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the maximum gross return and net return with the highest BCR of 5.24 followed by CCC 500 ppm (4.15) and GA3 30 ppm (3.86). Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 577-590, December 2019
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulator treatments had a significant effect on the number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield of bottle gourd.
- Taxon
- bottle gourd
Lagenaria sicerariae0 - Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- Growth regulator treatmentse1
- Outcome
- number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yielde1
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Growth regulator treatments had significant effect on primary branches/plant, node number of 1st male and female flower appearance, number of days to 1st male and female flower appearance, number of male and female flowers, sex ratio (male:female flower) number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulator treatments had a significant effect on primary branches per plant and on the timing of first male and female flower appearance.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- Growth regulator treatmentse1
- Outcome
- primary branches/plant, node number of 1st male and female flower appearance, number of days to 1st male and female flower appearancee1
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Growth regulator treatments had significant effect on primary branches/plant, node number of 1st male and female flower appearance, number of days to 1st male and female flower appearance, number of male and female flowers, sex ratio (male:female flower) number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulator treatments had a significant effect on the number of male and female flowers and on the sex ratio.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- Growth regulator treatmentse1
- Outcome
- number of male and female flowers, sex ratio (male:female flower)e1
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Growth regulator treatments had significant effect on primary branches/plant, node number of 1st male and female flower appearance, number of days to 1st male and female flower appearance, number of male and female flowers, sex ratio (male:female flower) number of fruits/plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying MH at 150 ppm gave the highest primary branches per plant (17.0 and 18.0 in the first and second year) compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme2
- Outcome
- primary branches/plante2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 17.0 and 18.0e2
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Spraying of MH @ 150 ppm gave the highest primary branches/plant (17.0 and 18.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and induced maximum female flowers (37.3 and 40.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) at lower nodes”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm induced the maximum number of female flowers (37.3 and 40.0 in the first and second year) at lower nodes compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Organ / stage
- lower nodese2
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme2
- Outcome
- female flowerse2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Value
- 37.3 and 40.0e2
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Spraying of MH @ 150 ppm gave the highest primary branches/plant (17.0 and 18.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and induced maximum female flowers (37.3 and 40.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) at lower nodes”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm caused early appearance of female flowers on the nearest node from the bottom compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Organ / stage
- nearest node (from bottom)e4
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme4
- Outcome
- appearance of female flowerse4
- Direction
- earlye4
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Application of MH @ 150 ppm caused early appearance of female flowers on the nearest node (from bottom)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave a lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in the first and second year) compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme5
- Outcome
- number of male flowerse5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Value
- 81.7 and 96.0e5
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the highest number of female flowers/plant, thereby producing lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the maximum number of fruits/plant (12.0 and 14.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave a lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in the first and second year) compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme5
- Outcome
- male:female sex ratioe5
- Direction
- lowere5
- Value
- 2.2 and 2.5e5
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the highest number of female flowers/plant, thereby producing lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the maximum number of fruits/plant (12.0 and 14.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the highest number of female flowers per plant compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme5
- Outcome
- number of female flowers/plante5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the highest number of female flowers/plant, thereby producing lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the maximum number of fruits/plant (12.0 and 14.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the maximum number of fruits per plant (12.0 and 14.0 in the first and second year) compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme5
- Outcome
- number of fruits/plante5
- Direction
- maximume5
- Value
- 12.0 and 14.0e5
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the lower number of male flowers (81.7 and 96.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the highest number of female flowers/plant, thereby producing lower male:female sex ratio (2.2 and 2.5 in first and 2nd year, respectively) and the maximum number of fruits/plant (12.0 and 14.0 in first and 2nd year, respectively)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the maximum fruit weight per plant (29.3 and 35.8 in the first and second year) compared with distilled water.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme6
- Outcome
- fruit weight/plante6
- Direction
- maximume6
- Value
- 29.3 and 35.8e6
- Comparator
- distilled watere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“The maximum fruit weight/plant was obtained from the application of MH @ 150 ppm (29.3 and 35.8 in first and 2nd year, respectively) followed by CCC @ 500 ppm (26.0 in the 1st year and 29.0 in 2nd year)”
e3“along with distilled water considered as control”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the highest fruit yield per hectare (97.6 and 89.6 t/ha in the first and second year), significantly higher than other treatments.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Material
- BARI Lau -4e0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme7
- Outcome
- fruit yield per hectaree7
- Direction
- higheste7
- Value
- 97.6 t/ha and 89.6 t/hae7
- Comparator
- other treatmentse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The highest fruit yield per hectare was recorded significantly with the application of MH @ 150 ppm (97.6 t/ha and 89.6 t/ha in first and 2nd year, respectively) closely followed by CCC @ 500 ppm (88.5 t/ha in 2015) and GA3 @ 30 ppm (75.3 t/ha in 2016), as compared to other treatments”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the highest mean yield over the years (93.6 t/ha).
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme1
- Outcome
- mean yield over the yearse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 93.6 t/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The highest mean yield over the years was also recorded at MH @ 150 ppm (93.6 t/ha) followed by CCC @ 150 ppm (80.6 t/ha) and GA3 30 (74.1)”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
CCC at 150 ppm gave a mean yield over the years of 80.6 t/ha.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Treatment
- CCC @ 150 ppme1
- Outcome
- mean yield over the yearse1
- Value
- 80.6 t/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The highest mean yield over the years was also recorded at MH @ 150 ppm (93.6 t/ha) followed by CCC @ 150 ppm (80.6 t/ha) and GA3 30 (74.1)”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 30 ppm gave a mean yield over the years of 74.1.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Treatment
- GA3 30e1
- Outcome
- mean yield over the yearse1
- Value
- 74.1e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The highest mean yield over the years was also recorded at MH @ 150 ppm (93.6 t/ha) followed by CCC @ 150 ppm (80.6 t/ha) and GA3 30 (74.1)”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the maximum gross return and net return.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme2
- Outcome
- gross return and net returne2
- Direction
- maximume2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the maximum gross return and net return with the highest BCR of 5.24 followed by CCC 500 ppm (4.15) and GA3 30 ppm (3.86)”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
Claim · model-written summary
MH at 150 ppm gave the highest benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 5.24.
- Taxon
- bottle gourdLagenaria sicerariae0
- Treatment
- MH @ 150 ppme2
- Outcome
- BCRe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 5.24e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Application of MH @ 150 ppm gave the maximum gross return and net return with the highest BCR of 5.24 followed by CCC 500 ppm (4.15) and GA3 30 ppm (3.86)”
e0“Field experiments on bottle gourd variety ‘BARI Lau -4’”
The same questions in other papers
Maleic hydrazide · growth · Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Maleic hydrazide · yield · Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.