Abstract
Climate change can result in extreme droughts, significantly affecting crop production. C4 crop proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) has the lowest water consumption among all of the cereal crops. Understanding its survival mechanisms is thus crucial for agriculture. Furthermore, yield reduction does not only occur directly due to water shortage, but is also a consequence of an impaired element uptake during drought. This study aimed to examine the effect of water deficiency on proso millet leaf traits, plant biomass partition, and yield. In addition, leaf element contents were analysed, including silicon, which is an important multifunctional element for grasses. The majority of the measured parameters showed little change from the control to the moderate and severe water shortage treatments, even though the soil moisture levels differed significantly. The most pronounced reduction in comparison to the control was for leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductance, and leaf silicon, phosphorus, calcium, and sulphur contents. Conversely, an increase was obtained for leaf potassium and chlorine contents. Panicle biomass was the same for all plant groups. Leaf silicon was positively correlated to reflectance in the UV region, while leaf calcium was negatively correlated to reflectance in the visible regions, which might prevent damage due to short-wave UV radiation and provide sufficient visible light for photosynthesis. The efficient light and water management, reduction of leaf biomass, and same-sized root system may be the mechanisms that mitigate the negative effects of water shortage in proso millet.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Most measured parameters changed little under moderate and severe water shortage.
- Taxon
- proso millet
Panicum miliaceume1 - Treatment
- moderate and severe water shortage treatmentse0
- Outcome
- majority of the measured parameterse0
- Direction
- little changee0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The majority of the measured parameters showed little change from the control to the moderate and severe water shortage treatments”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil moisture differed significantly across water-shortage treatments.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume2
- Treatment
- moderate and severe water shortage treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soil moisture levelse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“soil moisture levels differed significantly”
e1“moderate and severe water shortage treatments”
e2“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Water shortage reduced proso millet leaf biomass and stomatal conductance.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Treatment
- water shortage treatmentse2
- Outcome
- leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductancee0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most pronounced reduction in comparison to the control was for leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductance, and leaf silicon, phosphorus, calcium, and sulphur contents.”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
e2“water shortage treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Water shortage reduced leaf silicon, phosphorus and calcium contents.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Treatment
- water shortage treatmentse2
- Outcome
- leaf silicon, phosphorus, calciume0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most pronounced reduction in comparison to the control was for leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductance, and leaf silicon, phosphorus, calcium, and sulphur contents.”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
e2“water shortage treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Water shortage reduced leaf sulphur content.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Treatment
- water shortage treatmentse2
- Outcome
- sulphur contentse0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most pronounced reduction in comparison to the control was for leaf biomass, leaf stomatal conductance, and leaf silicon, phosphorus, calcium, and sulphur contents.”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
e2“water shortage treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Water shortage increased leaf potassium and chlorine contents.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Treatment
- water shortage treatmentse2
- Outcome
- leaf potassium and chlorine contentse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“an increase was obtained for leaf potassium and chlorine contents”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
e2“water shortage treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle biomass was the same across all treatment groups.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Treatment
- water shortage treatmentse2
- Outcome
- Panicle biomasse0
- Direction
- the samee0
- Comparator
- all plant groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Panicle biomass was the same for all plant groups.”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
e2“water shortage treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf silicon was positively correlated with UV reflectance.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Organ / stage
- Leafe0
- Compound
- silicone0
- Outcome
- reflectance in the UV regione0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Leaf silicon was positively correlated to reflectance in the UV region”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf calcium was negatively correlated with visible-region reflectance.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume1
- Compound
- calciume0
- Outcome
- reflectance in the visible regionse0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“leaf calcium was negatively correlated to reflectance in the visible regions”
e1“proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose efficient light and water management, lower leaf biomass and unchanged root size as drought-mitigation mechanisms.
- Taxon
- proso milletPanicum miliaceume0
- Outcome
- mitigate the negative effects of water shortagee0
- Qualifier
- efficient light and water management, reduction of leaf biomass, and same-sized root systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The efficient light and water management, reduction of leaf biomass, and same-sized root system may be the mechanisms that mitigate the negative effects of water shortage in proso millet.”
The same questions in other papers
drought · yield · Panicum miliaceum (proso millet)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →drought · nutrient: content · Panicum miliaceum (proso millet)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.