Abstract
In conventional tillage, the traditional practice of opening and turning the soil greatly contributes towards the quick oxidation of organic matter in the soil, quantitative loss of residual soil moisture and high labour and energy input thereby resulting in the poor economic returns for the farmers. However, in some situations tillage causes the soil degradation which results into development of compacted soil having low soil organic carbon (SOC) and restricted drainage. So, the experiment was conducted to specify the tillage practices which can keep protecting the soil healthy for longer period. This experiment was devised to evaluate the effect of long term CA practices like zero tillage and permanent beds on production, productivity and economics of the 5th year rabi season crops as compared to their performance against the business as usual practice i.e., conventional tillage practice for different Rabi season crops. The experiment had a split plot design, replicated thrice with three main plot treatments viz. zero tillage (ZT), conventional tillage (CT) and permanent bed (PB) and four sub plot treatment viz. wheat, rabi maize, mustard and chickpea. The results revealed that higher grain yield of wheat was recorded under PB (5488 kg ha-1) over ZT and CT while, higher grain yield of rabi maize (11279 kg ha-1), mustard (970 kg ha-1) and chickpea (1936 kg ha-1) was recorded in ZT over CT. The highest net return (Rs 64,779 ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.09) was recorded under ZT which was at par with PB (Rs 61,789 ha-1 and 2.02). Among rabi crops, highest net return was recorded in maize (Rs. 1,00,509 ha-1) followed by chickpea (Rs. 57,975 ha-1) while B:C ratio was highest for chickpea (2.70) followed by rabi maize (2.05), wheat (1.74) and mustard (0.77).The experiment shows that conservation agriculture-based Zero tillage and permanent bed tillage practices along with residue retention resulted in significant increase in biomass production and productivity of rabi crops with higher net returns and B:C ratio than conventional tillage practice.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Permanent beds gave the highest wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- PBe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5488 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- ZT and CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield of wheat was recorded under PB (5488 kg ha-1) over ZT and CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave higher rabi maize grain yield than conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield of rabi maize (11279 kg ha-1), mustard (970 kg ha-1) and chickpea (1936 kg ha-1) was recorded in ZT over CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave higher mustard grain yield than conventional tillage.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield of rabi maize (11279 kg ha-1), mustard (970 kg ha-1) and chickpea (1936 kg ha-1) was recorded in ZT over CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage gave higher chickpea grain yield than conventional tillage.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinume0 - Treatment
- ZTe0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1936 kg ha-1e0
- Comparator
- CTe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher grain yield of rabi maize (11279 kg ha-1), mustard (970 kg ha-1) and chickpea (1936 kg ha-1) was recorded in ZT over CT”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage produced the highest net return.
Verbatim
t0“Rabi Crops”
e0“The highest net return (Rs 64,779 ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.09) was recorded under ZT which was at par with PB (Rs 61,789 ha-1 and 2.02).”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage produced the highest benefit-cost ratio.
Verbatim
t0“Rabi Crops”
e0“The highest net return (Rs 64,779 ha-1), and B: C ratio (2.09) was recorded under ZT which was at par with PB (Rs 61,789 ha-1 and 2.02).”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize had the highest net return among rabi crops.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net return was recorded in maize (Rs. 1,00,509 ha-1) followed by chickpea (Rs. 57,975 ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea had the second highest net return.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- net returne0
- Direction
- followed bye0
- Value
- Rs. 57,975 ha-1e0
- Comparator
- maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest net return was recorded in maize (Rs. 1,00,509 ha-1) followed by chickpea (Rs. 57,975 ha-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chickpea had the highest benefit-cost ratio.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinume0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.70e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio was highest for chickpea (2.70) followed by rabi maize (2.05), wheat (1.74) and mustard (0.77).”
Claim · model-written summary
Rabi maize had a benefit-cost ratio of 2.05.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio was highest for chickpea (2.70) followed by rabi maize (2.05), wheat (1.74) and mustard (0.77).”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat had a benefit-cost ratio of 1.74.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Value
- 1.74e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio was highest for chickpea (2.70) followed by rabi maize (2.05), wheat (1.74) and mustard (0.77).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mustard had a benefit-cost ratio of 0.77.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio was highest for chickpea (2.70) followed by rabi maize (2.05), wheat (1.74) and mustard (0.77).”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage and permanent beds with residue retention significantly increased biomass and productivity relative to conventional tillage.
Verbatim
t0“Rabi Crops”
e0“Zero tillage and permanent bed tillage practices along with residue retention resulted in significant increase in biomass production and productivity of rabi crops with higher net returns and B:C ratio than conventional tillage practice.”
The same questions in other papers
tillage · yield · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Positive and negative results
78 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
93 papers more in this group
See all 97 papers →tillage · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
811 papers in the same direction as this paper · 230 in the opposite direction · 57 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
1,095 papers more in this group
See all 1,099 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.