Abstract
Cassava (M. esculenta Crantz), feeding countless people and attracting markets worldwide, is a model for traditional crops that need physiology-based fertigation (fertilization through irrigation) standards in intensive cultivation. Hence, we studied the effects of 10 to 200 mg L-1 nitrogen (N) fertigation on growth and yields of cassava and targeted alterations in their photosynthetic, transpiration, and carbohydrate management. We found that increasing irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1 increased cassava's photosynthesis and transpiration, but supported only the canopy’s growth. At 100 mg N L-1 cassava reached a threshold of sugar in leaves (~47 mg g-1), began to accumulate starch and supported higher yields. Yet, at 200 mg N L-1, the canopy became too demanding and plants had to restrain transpiration, reduce photosynthesis, decrease carbohydrates, and finally lower yields. We concluded that the phases of cassava response to nitrogen are: 1) growth that does not support yields at low N, 2) productive N application, and 3) excessive use of N. Yet traditional leaf mineral analyses fail to exhibit these responses, and therefore we propose a simple and inexpensive carbohydrate measurement to guide a precise use of N.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Raising irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1 increased cassava photosynthesis and transpiration.
- Taxon
- cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Treatment
- increasing irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesis and transpiratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1 increased cassava's photosynthesis and transpiration”
Claim · model-written summary
Raising N from 10 to 70 mg L-1 supported canopy growth only.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Treatment
- increasing irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1e0
- Outcome
- canopy’s growthe0
- Direction
- supportede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing irrigation N from 10 to 70 mg L-1 increased cassava's photosynthesis and transpiration, but supported only the canopy’s growth”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mg N L-1, leaf sugar reached about 47 mg g-1.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- sugar in leavese0
- Value
- ~47 mg g-1e0
- Qualifier
- At 100 mg N L-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 mg N L-1 cassava reached a threshold of sugar in leaves (~47 mg g-1)”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mg N L-1, cassava began accumulating starch.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- accumulate starche0
- Direction
- accumulatee0
- Qualifier
- At 100 mg N L-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 mg N L-1 cassava reached a threshold of sugar in leaves (~47 mg g-1), began to accumulate starch”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 mg N L-1, cassava supported higher yields.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- At 100 mg N L-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 100 mg N L-1 cassava reached a threshold of sugar in leaves (~47 mg g-1), began to accumulate starch and supported higher yields”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mg N L-1, cassava restrained transpiration.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 200 mg N L-1e0
- Outcome
- transpiratione0
- Direction
- restraine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 200 mg N L-1, the canopy became too demanding and plants had to restrain transpiration”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mg N L-1, cassava photosynthesis fell.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 200 mg N L-1e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 200 mg N L-1, the canopy became too demanding and plants had to restrain transpiration, reduce photosynthesis”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mg N L-1, cassava carbohydrates decreased.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 200 mg N L-1e0
- Outcome
- carbohydratese0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 200 mg N L-1, the canopy became too demanding and plants had to restrain transpiration, reduce photosynthesis, decrease carbohydrates”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
Claim · model-written summary
At 200 mg N L-1, cassava yields fell.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- 200 mg N L-1e0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 200 mg N L-1, the canopy became too demanding and plants had to restrain transpiration, reduce photosynthesis, decrease carbohydrates, and finally lower yields”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
Claim · model-written summary
Traditional leaf mineral analyses failed to show the nitrogen responses.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- fail to exhibit these responsese0
- Direction
- faile0
- Comparator
- traditional leaf mineral analysese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“traditional leaf mineral analyses fail to exhibit these responses”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors proposed carbohydrate measurement to guide precise nitrogen use.
- Taxon
- Manihot esculenta CrantzManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- a simple and inexpensive carbohydrate measurement to guide a precise use of Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we propose a simple and inexpensive carbohydrate measurement to guide a precise use of N”
t0“Manihot esculenta Crantz”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: photosynthesis · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.