Abstract
Animal manure is used in crop production to improve crop yield and soil properties. The impact of cattle manure applied in one year on yield and soil properties in the subsequent years has not been extensively studied. This work evaluated the effect of manure application on winter wheat grain yield (Triticum aestivum L.), soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil pH. Cattle manure was applied once every four years at a rate of 267 kg N ha−1. Grain yield and soil samples (0–15 cm) were collected annually from the Magruder Plots, Oklahoma. Soil samples were analyzed using a glass electrode (pH) and LECO dry combustion analyzer (SOC). The highest yield (2.8 Mg ha−1) occurred in the second year after manure application. Yield in the second year exceeded yield in the first year by 66%. Yields in the third and fourth year were similar to yields in the other years. No changes in soil pH and SOC were observed in each of the four years that constituted the manure application cycle. Cattle manure (267 kg N ha−1) could be applied once to serve a four-year period without major yield differences while also improving soil pH and SOC when compared to the check.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Winter wheat grain yield peaked at 2.8 Mg ha−1 in the second year after manure application.
- Taxon
- Winter Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- manure applicatione0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.8 Mg ha−1e0
Not reportedOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest yield (2.8 Mg ha−1) occurred in the second year after manure application”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Second-year wheat yield exceeded first-year yield by 66%.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Value
- 66%e0
- Comparator
- yield in the first yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield in the second year exceeded yield in the first year by 66%”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yields in years three and four were similar to yields in other years.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- Yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- yields in the other yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yields in the third and fourth year were similar to yields in the other years”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH did not change across the manure application cycle.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- soil pHe0
- Direction
- No changese0
- Qualifier
- four yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No changes in soil pH and SOC were observed in each of the four years that constituted the manure application cycle”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil organic carbon did not change across the manure application cycle.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- SOCe0
- Direction
- No changese0
- Qualifier
- four yearse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No changes in soil pH and SOC were observed in each of the four years that constituted the manure application cycle”
t0“Winter Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude that one cattle manure application can serve four years without major yield differences and improve soil pH and organic carbon relative to the check.
- Taxon
- Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Cattle manure (267 kg N ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- four-year period without major yield differencese0
- Comparator
- the checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cattle manure (267 kg N ha−1) could be applied once to serve a four-year period without major yield differences while also improving soil pH and SOC when compared to the check”
t0“Winter Wheat”