Abstract
The present research was carried out during two successive seasons 2013 & 2014 for improving pollination technique of Hayany date palm cultivar grown in clay sandy soil of private orchard located at Om-Elreda region, Damietta Governorate, Egypt. Uniform 32 date palms 45 years old were divided to 8 groups. Each group was labeled and its female spathes were subjected to different pollination treatments during April of both two seasons. The tested pollination technique include traditional pollination (TP) by using 5 inverted male strands/female spathe (control) and dusting with pollen mixture (PM) at 5%, 10% and 20% alone or preceded by spraying stimulative solution of pollen germination (SSPG). Effects of pollination treatments on the growth characteristics of Aerjon, Fruit set%, fruit drop%, yield/palm and physical and chemical fruit qualities were determined.The obtained results proved that the most tested pollination treatments markedly improved the growth characteristics of Aerjon, fruit set%, yield/palm and fruit quality. Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20% significantly increased the fruit set%, reduced fruit drop% and consequently increased yield/date palm comparing with TP. Moreover, these pollination techniques greatly resulted in enhancing the physical and chemical characteristics of fruit qualities that include increasing weight, size, flesh/seed ratio and their contents of total sugars and vitamin C as well as reducing titratable acidity percentage. From the present study, it could be recommended with using the combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PM as an improved pollination technique. It saved the required pollen grains comparing with applying 20% PM and also produced high yield/ palm has the high physical and chemical qualities. The combination of mixing pollen grains with carrier and SSPG is useful in establishing mechanical pollination and getting an economical yield with good fruit quality as well as minimizing the cost of pollination process.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Most tested pollination treatments improved Aerjon growth characteristics.
- Taxon
- Date Palm
Phoenix dactyliferat0 - Treatment
- most tested pollination treatmentse0
- Outcome
- growth characteristics of Aerjone0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most tested pollination treatments markedly improved the growth characteristics of Aerjon, fruit set%, yield/palm and fruit quality.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Most tested pollination treatments improved fruit set.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- most tested pollination treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit set%e0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most tested pollination treatments markedly improved the growth characteristics of Aerjon, fruit set%, yield/palm and fruit quality.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Most tested pollination treatments improved yield per palm.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- most tested pollination treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yield/palme0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most tested pollination treatments markedly improved the growth characteristics of Aerjon, fruit set%, yield/palm and fruit quality.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Most tested pollination treatments improved fruit quality.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- most tested pollination treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fruit qualitye0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“most tested pollination treatments markedly improved the growth characteristics of Aerjon, fruit set%, yield/palm and fruit quality.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying SSPG before traditional pollination or pollen mixture dusting significantly increased fruit set compared with traditional pollination.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20%e0
- Outcome
- fruit set%e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- TPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20% significantly increased the fruit set%, reduced fruit drop% and consequently increased yield/date palm comparing with TP.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Those SSPG and pollen mixture treatments reduced fruit drop compared with traditional pollination.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20%e0
- Outcome
- fruit drop%e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- TPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20% significantly increased the fruit set%, reduced fruit drop% and consequently increased yield/date palm comparing with TP.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
Those SSPG and pollen mixture treatments increased date palm yield compared with traditional pollination.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20%e0
- Outcome
- yield/date palme0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- TPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying SSPG on female inflorescences before TP and dusting PM at 5%, 10% or 20% significantly increased the fruit set%, reduced fruit drop% and consequently increased yield/date palm comparing with TP.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
These pollination techniques increased fruit weight, size and flesh-to-seed ratio.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- these pollination techniquese0
- Outcome
- weight, size, flesh/seed ratioe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these pollination techniques greatly resulted in enhancing the physical and chemical characteristics of fruit qualities that include increasing weight, size, flesh/seed ratio and their contents of total sugars and vitamin C as well as reducing titratable acidity percentage.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
These pollination techniques increased fruit total sugars and vitamin C content.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- these pollination techniquese0
- Outcome
- contents of total sugars and vitamin Ce0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these pollination techniques greatly resulted in enhancing the physical and chemical characteristics of fruit qualities that include increasing weight, size, flesh/seed ratio and their contents of total sugars and vitamin C as well as reducing titratable acidity percentage.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
These pollination techniques reduced fruit titratable acidity percentage.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- these pollination techniquese0
- Outcome
- titratable acidity percentagee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these pollination techniques greatly resulted in enhancing the physical and chemical characteristics of fruit qualities that include increasing weight, size, flesh/seed ratio and their contents of total sugars and vitamin C as well as reducing titratable acidity percentage.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend spraying SSPG with 10% pollen mixture as an improved pollination technique.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PMe0
- Outcome
- combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it could be recommended with using the combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PM as an improved pollination technique.”
t0“Date Palm”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10% pollen mixture and SSPG combination saved pollen grains compared with 20% pollen mixture.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PMe1
- Outcome
- required pollen grainse0
- Direction
- savede0
- Comparator
- 20% PMe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It saved the required pollen grains comparing with applying 20% PM”
t0“Date Palm”
e1“the combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PM”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended combination produced high yield per palm.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PMe1
- Outcome
- yield/ palme0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“also produced high yield/ palm has the high physical and chemical qualities.”
t0“Date Palm”
e1“the combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PM”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended combination produced fruit with high physical and chemical qualities.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PMe1
- Outcome
- physical and chemical qualitiese0
- Direction
- highe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“also produced high yield/ palm has the high physical and chemical qualities.”
t0“Date Palm”
e1“the combination of spraying SSPG and dusting 10% PM”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider pollen mixed with carrier and SSPG useful for mechanical pollination, economical yield, fruit quality and lowering pollination costs.
- Taxon
- Date PalmPhoenix dactyliferat0
- Treatment
- mixing pollen grains with carrier and SSPGe0
- Outcome
- establishing mechanical pollination and getting an economical yield with good fruit quality as well as minimizing the cost of pollination processe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of mixing pollen grains with carrier and SSPG is useful in establishing mechanical pollination and getting an economical yield with good fruit quality as well as minimizing the cost of pollination process.”
t0“Date Palm”
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