Abstract
The continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) under facility cultivation is more prevalent in China. This is associated with an imbalance in soil microbial and ecological environment in long-term monocultures. It was postulated that intercropping with green garlic would relieve the continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber by altering the soil micro-ecology status. A pot-based experiment was conducted to investigate the green garlic-cucumber intercropping and cucumber monocropping systems. The results showed that the cucumber shoot biomass was improved by intercropping with green garlic. However, the population of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased, while the fungal population decreased. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles indicated that soil contained more fungal FAME biomarkers (18:1ω9c, 18:2ω6, 9) and higher fungal:bacterial ratio in the monoculture system, whereas clustering of more bacterial FAME biomarkers (cy17:0, cy19:0, 16:1ω7c10, Me16:0, 10Me17:0, 10Me18:0) was observed under intercropping conditions. Moreover, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities, organic matter, and available N, P and K contents were observed under intercropping systems. These were high in both bulk and rhizosphere soils in the intercropping system when compared to monocropping system. These findings suggest that intercropping with green garlic can alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber by improving the diverse composition of soil microbial community, enzyme activities, and nutrient availability.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Green garlic intercropping improved cucumber shoot biomass.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse0 - Treatment
- intercropping with green garlice0
- Outcome
- cucumber shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the cucumber shoot biomass was improved by intercropping with green garlic.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased soil bacterial and actinomycete populations.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- population of soil bacteria and actinomycetese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the population of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased, while the fungal population decreased.”
t0“intercropping system reduces the strain of continuous monocropping in cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping decreased the fungal population.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- intercroppingt0
- Outcome
- fungal populatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the population of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased, while the fungal population decreased.”
t0“intercropping system reduces the strain of continuous monocropping in cucumber”
Claim · model-written summary
Monoculture soil had more fungal FAME biomarkers and a higher fungal:bacterial ratio.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- fungal FAME biomarkers (18:1ω9c, 18:2ω6, 9) and higher fungal:bacterial ratioe0
- Direction
- moree0
- Setting
- monoculture systeme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles indicated that soil contained more fungal FAME biomarkers (18:1ω9c, 18:2ω6, 9) and higher fungal:bacterial ratio in the monoculture system, whereas clustering of more bacterial FAME biomarkers (cy17:0, cy19:0, 16:1ω7c10, Me16:0, 10Me17:0, 10Me18:0) was observed under intercropping conditions.”
t0“cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping soil had more bacterial FAME biomarkers.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Outcome
- bacterial FAME biomarkers (cy17:0, cy19:0, 16:1ω7c10, Me16:0, 10Me17:0, 10Me18:0)e0
- Direction
- moree0
- Setting
- intercropping conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles indicated that soil contained more fungal FAME biomarkers (18:1ω9c, 18:2ω6, 9) and higher fungal:bacterial ratio in the monoculture system, whereas clustering of more bacterial FAME biomarkers (cy17:0, cy19:0, 16:1ω7c10, Me16:0, 10Me17:0, 10Me18:0) was observed under intercropping conditions.”
t0“cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- intercropping systemse0
- Outcome
- soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activitiese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- P < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities, organic matter, and available N, P and K contents were observed under intercropping systems.”
t0“cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased organic matter.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- intercropping systemse0
- Outcome
- organic mattere0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- P < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities, organic matter, and available N, P and K contents were observed under intercropping systems.”
t0“cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping increased available N, P and K contents.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- intercropping systemse0
- Outcome
- available N, P and K contentse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- P < 0.05e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Moreover, significantly ( P < 0.05) higher soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activities, organic matter, and available N, P and K contents were observed under intercropping systems.”
t0“cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors conclude green garlic intercropping can alleviate cucumber continuous cropping obstacles through changes in soil microbes, enzymes and nutrients.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- intercropping with green garlice0
- Outcome
- continuous cropping obstacle of cucumbere0
- Qualifier
- improving the diverse composition of soil microbial community, enzyme activities, and nutrient availabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings suggest that intercropping with green garlic can alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of cucumber by improving the diverse composition of soil microbial community, enzyme activities, and nutrient availability.”
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